2014陕西高考二轮复习专用：第三部分 书面表达 问题与对策.docVIP

考纲解读 《普通高中英语课程标准》对语言技能目标(八级)“写”的要求如下：(1)能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；(2)能根据文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；(3)能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；(4)能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。从要求来看，书面表达是综合性很强的题目，目的是考查学生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。因此，考生应做到：(1)主题明确；(2)内容充实；(3)结构合理；(4)逻辑性强；(5)语言准确得体。 考情分析 通过对近三年的高考英语书面表达试题的分析，可以看出高考书面表达有如下特点： 1．命题理念 就题材而言，高考书面表达题贴近学生的生活实际，情景真实，有利于真情实感的表达，使考生有话可说。“源于生活，高于生活”是英语书面表达题近几年来始终保持的主旋律。如：2013年高考书面表达题山东卷询问暑假打算；安徽卷是“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动；辽宁卷介绍中秋节；天津卷写一篇竞选演讲稿；江西卷介绍一次登山活动；四川卷讨论学习习惯问题等都是学生熟悉的话题，符合学生的认知水平和日常生活经历。 2．命题方式 高考书面表达命题呈现出由情景写作向开放性写作过渡的趋势，越来越多地采用了半开放和开放式作文。这给考生提供了更广阔的思维空间，给考生留有更大的自由发挥余地，更能反映出考生的真实水平。这要求考生答题时要经过筛选内容、确定文体、选择合适的句型、布局谋篇等个人独立思考的过程。 3．文章体裁 今年高考作文的体裁仍具有多样化的特点，记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文，其中应用文居多。在应用文中，书信最为常见。作文内容的呈现有文字信息、图画、图表等。试题突出了对考生的英语交际能力、分析和解决问题的能力的考查，内容有创新。 一、13类常见失分点 1．主谓不一致 (1)Three years have passed before we knew it.[误] Three years has passed before we knew it.[正] (2)Every man and every woman like surfing the Internet here.[误] Every man and every woman likes surfing the Internet here.[正] (3)Many a student have chatted online.[误] Many a student has chatted online.[正] 2．时态不一致 (1)They talked and talked and soon the bus comes.[误] They talked and talked and soon the bus came.[正] (2)He said that he will come to see me soon.[误] He said that he would come to see me soon.[正] (3)If you had come earlier，you would see the actress yesterday.[误] If you had come earlier，you would have seen the actress yesterday.[正] 3．词类不一致 (1)She seated herself in the sofa and went sleep.[误] She seated herself in the sofa and went asleep.[正] (2)After the work，we went home，tiredly and hungry.[误] After the work，we went home，tired and hungry.[正] (3)Her kind and generosity made me feel at home.[误] Her kindness and generosity made me feel at home.[正] 4．逻辑不一致 (1)I’m eager to show you around some places of interest，but some culture centers.[误] I’m eager to show you around some places of interest，or some culture centers.[正] (2)He went to her and gave her the present he had bought，and she refused to take it a