低品位铀矿石微生物柱浸试验.doc

低品位铀矿石微生物柱浸试验 李江，刘亚洁，周谷春，车江华 (东华理工大学，江西抚州 344000) 摘要：对某低品位铀矿石进行了不同喷淋条件的微生物柱浸试验。结果表明，试验用混合菌群对目标铀矿石具有较强适应性浸出周期172 d，菌浸期间5%喷淋量条件下渣计平均浸出率为87.70%88.53%，耗酸率为5.36%5.37%。菌浸阶段采用较大喷淋量可提高浸出率，但液固比显著增加，综合成本相应提高。因此，喷淋量的选择应综合考虑铀资源回收率与浸出成本。 关键词：低品位铀矿石微生物柱浸喷淋量浸出率耗酸率 中图分类号：T 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2012）06-0000-00 Column Bioleaching of Low-rade Uranium Ore LI Jiang, LIU Ya-jie, ZHOU Gu-chun, CHE Jiang-hua (East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou 344000, Jiangxi, China) Abstract: Column bioleaching of a low-grade uranium ore with a variety of spraying methods was carried out. The results show that the mixed culture of acidophilic microorganisms in use have a high adaptation to the uranium minerals, and the average uranium leaching rates are 87.70% and 88.53%, the acid consumption is 5.36% and 5.37% within 172 days, at 5% and 10% spraying condition, respectively. A bigger spray liquid quantity could increase uranium leaching rate at the bioleaching stage, however, the ratio of liquid to solid rises greatly as well, which resulted in a rise of cost for uranium recovery. Therefore, the optimum spray liquid quantity should be confirmed with a consideration of both uranium recovery and leaching cost. Key words: low-grade uranium ore; column bioleaching; spray liquid quantity; leaching rate; acid consumption rate 我国铀矿资源相对贫乏，而且铀矿石品位偏低，矿床的矿石品位多数在０.10.3%，占总资源储量的60，低于0.1的低品位铀矿石占33[1]。用常规水冶方法处理低品位铀矿石成本太高经济效益很差，因此这部分铀矿资源长期得不到有效利用。如果低品位铀矿石能够得到经济利用，将我国硬岩铀矿出矿品位由0.1以上降低到0.030.07%，则铀矿石采冶量将大幅增长，大大提高我国铀产量和可利用的铀资源储量，对解决我国铀资源的紧张局面产生重大影响。微生物冶金技术由于其具有金属提取率高、投资少、成本低、环境友好等优点，对利用我国的低品位矿产资源具有重大意义。国内多家单位开展了微生物铀研究工作，取得了可喜的成绩[2-]。但低品位铀矿石微生物浸出尚未见成功的试验报道。 1试验矿样和微生物菌群 1.1 试验矿样 试验矿样取自江西某铀矿，矿样筛分及原矿品位结果见表1。根据各粒径矿石品位及粒径比计算，原矿品位为0.0626%。 表1 矿样粒径分布及原矿品位 Table 1 Particle size distribution and minerals uranium grade 样 号 粒径/mm 比/% U含量/% 干重/g 721-Z-1 0.5 15.06 0.128 11.276 721-Z-2 0.5~1 7.38 0.076 5.525 721-Z-3 1~2 12.52 0.093 9.374 721-Z-4 2~5 20.86 0.049 15.622 721-Z-5 5~10 44.19 0.036 33.101 合计 100.0 74.898