新概念一Lesson143-144知识点整理.docVIP

Lesson 143 A walk through the woods 林中散步 学 习 目 标 全 解 必记单词 surround v. 包围 wood n. 树林 hundred n. 百 city n. 城市 through prep. 穿过 visitor n.参观者，游客，来访者 tidy adj. 整齐的 litter n. 杂乱的东西 place v. 放 throw v. 扔，抛 rubbish n. 垃圾 count v. 数，点 cover v. 覆盖 piece n. 碎片 tyre n. 轮胎 rusty adj. 生锈的 among prep. 在….之间 prosecute v. 依法处置 常考短语 be surrounded by 被…环绕 beauty spot 风景点 hundreds of 成百上千 walk through…. 步行穿过…. be covered with…. 覆盖着….. litter basket 废物筐 go for a walk 去散步 经典句型 I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under the trees. The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins. Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted. 重点语法 被动语态的一般将来时和现在完成时形式： 现在完成时形式：has/have + been + 过去分词 The window has been cleaned. 窗户已被擦干净了。 They have been sent to hospital. 他们已被派到医院去了。 一般将来时形式：will (shall) + be + 过去分词 The work will be finished tomorrow. 明天工作就完成了。 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be + 过去分词”部分不变。 Tables can be made of stones. 桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stones at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时） Can tables be made of stones? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） 主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody 等含糊地表示“人们、大家”的单词，变为被动句时，通常删去“by…..”，但原主语被强调者除外。 They set up this hospital in 1975. →This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job.只有他能完成这项工作。 →The job can be finished only by him. 这项工作只能由他来完成。 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变成被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth. 杰克告诉了我们真相。 →We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 教材全解 教材全解 教材全解