状语从句教师卷10讲义.docVIP

状语从句（教师卷） 定义：在复合句中的从句功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句位置从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句时，从句前一般不用逗号。一时间状语从句 when, while, before, after, since, until (till), as soon as等It was snowing when we got to the airport. It began to rain when we were walking in the park. 2. while表示“当…时”，强调主句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在从句谓语动词所表示的动作过程之中，或两个动作同时发生。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in. I was writing a letter while my brother was cooking. 【注意】When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当主从句位置交换时，则为：While / When we were talking, the teacher came in. In the party, they were singing while / when we were dancing. * ③ when和while还可以做并列连词，when表示“在那时”，while表示“而，却”，表示对照关系。这时when和while不能互换。 The children were running upstairs when they heard the sound of a car. 孩子们正要跑上楼，这时他们听到了汽车的声音。 He likes staying at home while his brother prefers to go out. 他喜欢待在家里而他的兄弟更喜欢出去。 3. until / till指的是某一延续性行为持续到某一时间点。主句谓语为延续性动词时常用肯定句式，意为“做…直到…为止”；主句谓语为非延续性动词时需要用否定句式，意为“直到…才…”。 I’ll wait until / till the concert is over. (wait是延续性动词，肯定句) Don’t leave until / till I arrive. (leave是非延续性动词，否定句) 【注意】I hadn’t woken up. 4. since表示“自某一时间点以来”，所引导的从句中的谓语动词多用短暂性动词和一般过去时。主句中的谓语动词常用完成时态，表示动作的延续和频率。主句中的谓语动词可以用延续性动词，也可以用非延续性动词，用非延续性动词时必须强调动作的频率或多次，多个。 I have lived in Nanjing since I graduated from university. (live是延续性动词，graduate是非延续性动词) I have returned home twice since I settled down in the States. (return是非延续性动词，twice强调次数；settle是非延续性动词) 5. before表示“在……之前”，有时译为“……之后才……；没来得及……就……”。After“在…之后”。 The train had already left before I arrived. All the birds flew away before I started to fire. James learnt Chinese cooking after he came to China. (6) as soon as表示“一…就…”。 As soon as he heard the news, he jumped with joy. I won’t go with you as soon as I finish my work. 【注意】When I get there, I will ring you up. Melissa told me that as soon as she arrived, she would ring me up. I will go home until I finish all the work. 二地点状语从句 … 或to / in / from any place where …结构。 We live where the road