Computers教学课件8.pptVIP

Period 3　Grammar 课本原文： (1)Over time，I have been changed quite a lot. (2)First as a PC and then as a laptop，I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 现在完成时的被动语态 1．现在完成时被动语态的构成 现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has been＋过去分词”构成。 第三人称单数用has，第三人称复数以及其余人称用have。 2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式和疑问式 否定式是在have/has后加not，也可缩写成havent/hasnt；构成疑问式时，将have/has提前；构成反意疑问句时，附加问句借助have/has。 The 31st Olympic Games havent been held yet. 第31届奥运会还没有举行。 Has his new novel been translated into English yet？他的新小说被译成英语了吗？ They havent been told the exciting news yet，have they? 他们还没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，是吗？ 3．使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点 (1)一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者。但有许多由不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。 They have put up a map on the wall.(主动语态) 他们已经在墙上挂上了地图。 A map has been put up on the wall.(被动语态) 地图已经被挂在了墙上。 (2)非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。例如： How long has this dictionary been borrowed？(×) How long has this dictionary been kept？(√) 这本字典借了多长时间了？ 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for构成的时间状语连用。 This dictionary has not been borrowed since last week. 自上周以来没有人借过这本字典。 Ⅰ.把下列句子变为现在完成时的被动语态 1．He has finished his homework. ________________________________________________ 2．They have built a new railway line. ________________________________________________ 3．They have planted many trees on the hill. ________________________________________________ 4．I have made him work hard. ________________________________________________ 5．He has asked me to help you. ________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．His homework has been finished. 2．A new railway line has been built. 3．Many trees have been planted on the hill. 4．He has been made to work hard. 5．I have been asked to help you. Ⅱ.用现在完成时的被动语态连成句子 1．a new hospital，build，in our city ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2．China，another man-made satellite，send into space __________