ControlStructures-Repetition.ppt

Control Structures - Repetition Chapter 5 Chapter Topics Why Is Repetition Needed The Repetition Structure Counter Controlled Loops Sentinel Controlled Loops Flag Controlled Loops EOF Controlled Loops for Loops The do … while Looping Structure Why Is Repetition Needed? Consider a task that the computer might automate Calculate and print paychecks Read invoices from a file and print monthly statements Read inputs from a sensor and adjust the air-fuel mixture of an engine In general The Input – process – output cycle Why Is Repetition Needed? The algorithm requires a set of actions to be done over and over again Same set of actions Number of times to be executed is unknown at design time We need a structure which allows Statement(s) to be repeated A method of testing to see whether the statements should be repeated The Repetition Structure The while loopprovides therepetition structure Statement(s) tobe repeated A means of checking whether the statement(s) will be repeated Syntax: while ( logicalExpression ) statement; Phases of Loop Execution Loop entry = flow of control reaches first statement inside loop Iteration = each pass thru the loop Loop test = condition tested before each iteration Loop exit = when termination condition occurs in while statement, loop is NOT executed another time While Loop Illustration Counter Controlled Loops For when you know exactly how many times the loop should run There are 10 employees for which to print checks There are 60 sensor inputs per second The program needs a Loop Control Variable Count Controlled Loop Uses a Loop Control Variable (LCV) Count Controlled Loops I nitialized I ncremented I nspected Count Controlled Loops Sentinel Controlled Loops Suppose you want to read some positive integers and average them You do not have a preset number of data items in mind. Suppose the number –999 marks the end of data. Then the -999 is your sentinel Flag Controlled Loops A flag controlled loop uses a Boo