化工过程模拟与分析(十控制系统建模简介).ppt

10.6 Integrator: pumped outlet tank To be strict about placing above equation in standard form, we should define a gain and a time constant The response to a step change of magnitude Δw in inlet flow at time td is Summary of disturbance responses Initial condition is zero; disturbance is introduced at time td 10.7 Multiple system inputs from multiple inlet streams Consider a well-stirred tank heated by an electric resistance element of output power Q. Tref is a reference temperature for computing the enthalpy of the flowing stream Presuming that flow F is constant and the physical properties are not a function of temperature Steady state * 第十章 过程控制系统建模简介 主要内容 为何化工生产过程需要控制？ 储液罐液面高度的控制； 过程控制的基本概念； 储液罐动态系统； 一些数学概念； 一阶动态系统的响应。 Why use surge tank？ 齐鲁石化氯碱厂DCS界面 Stream wi has some steady design flowrate, but in practice it varies, causing problems in process 2. Propagation of disturbances between processes is a common problem, and a common solution is the surge tank. 10.1 Designing the tank Steps Characterizing the inlet stream Specifying limits on the outlet stream Making a suitable process model to connect inlet with outlet （1）Inlet: suppose that the flow swings by ±40% over a 20-minute period, flow is in kg/ h and time in minutes. (2) Outlet: the desired flow wo is 10,000 kg/h. Lets be hard-nosed and insist on no variation. (3) Process model: by instinct a chemical engineer writes a material balance. height is in m, area in m^2, time in minutes, and density in kg/m^3. Protect the tank It seems possible that the tank may overflow or run dry Suppose the simple case of wi ? wo = C Therefore, we should protect our tank with some automatic process control – something that will measure the level and take corrective action should the level become too high or low. 10.2 Definitions in process control process: the equipment within some boundary, along with the streams of matter and energy that cross that boundary -- what we usually mean when we think o