Ch9. Urban Problems Housing and Transport Problems.pptVIP

Ch9. Urban Problems: Housing and Transport Problems Causes of housing problems in Hong Kong ~ population growth ~ Urbanization ~ Economic growth as a result of industrialization 2. Major housing problems in Hong Kong Shortage of housing Overcrowding or congestion High rents Existence of squatters Unplanned development Lack of essential services and facilities Multi-functional units Lack of legislation Other social maladies Types of housing problems in different residential districts In the transitional zones Lower class residential districts New public housing estates Squatter areas Environmental pollution Measures taken by the government Encouraging suburbanization Encouraging the private sector to develop housing estates on the city fringe Improving the lower class public housing estates Promoting home ownership scheme Clearing slums and squatters Encouraging birth control and family planning Controlling illegal immigrants Reclaiming land Developing through vertical expansion Adopting the zoning policy Reducing the population density Establishing more green belts, open spaces and recreational facilities Maintaining good living conditions in public housing More information can be found through below website : Urban Renewal Authority .hk Case study of housing problems in Calcutta Shortage of housing Overcrowding Poor hygiene Urban slums and squatters are common There are all kinds of environmental pollution Fire hazard exist Urban ghettos segregate different ethnic groups Social problems such as high crime rates,mental disorder and conflict occur Case study – Transport Problems 1. Causes of transport problems ~ large urban population ~ journey to work ~ journey to shops ~ journey to school ~ Social trips ~ recreational trips 2. Nature/types of urban transport problems High levels of traffic congestion Peak hour problems Insufficient public transport services Public transport needs a large num