胶体与表面化学试题.docVIP

一、是非题 1.表面超量的英文具体描述： The surface excess of solute is that the number of moles of solute in the sample from the surface minus the number of moles of solute in the sample from the bulk under a condition of the same quantity of solvent or the surface excess of solvent has been chosen to be zero. 囊泡的形成途径： The final surfactant structures we consider as models for biological membranes are vesicles. These are spherical or ellipsoidal particles formed by enclosing a volume of aqueous solution in a surfactant bilayer. Vesicles may be formed from synthetic surfactants as well. 3.絮凝与聚焦之间的区别： Coalescence：the process that many small particles take together to form a new big particle,total surface area of the dispersion system decreases. Aggregation:the process by which small particles clump together like a bunch of grapes (an aggregate), but do not fuse into a new particle,total surface area of the dispersion system do not decrease as well. 胶束micelle：A monophasic, fluid, transparent, isotropic and thermodynamically stable system composed by surfactant and water, the particle has some linear dimension between 10-9-10-6m. 乳液emulsion：A multiphasic, no-transparent and thermodynamically unstable system composed by surfactant, cosurfactant, oil and water. 微乳液microemulsion：A monophasic, fluid, transparent, isotropic and thermodynamically stable system composed by surfactant, cosurfactant, oil and water. 囊泡vesicle：能不能直接从双联续制备转换过来？（√） 憎水溶胶 亲水溶胶 连续相与分散相有没有明显界限？（没有） 胶束体系的稳定性与哪些因素有关？与哪些因素无关？ 瑞利散射：条件 粒子大小 表面吸附超量γ：物理意义 溶剂的量是不是都为零？（×） TEM、SEM都需要把样品放入真空中，最后结果都可以表明原来分散度。（×） 在Langmuir膜、LB膜 单层 理想气体方程式 能否用理想气体关系式描述？（能） 多项选择题 表面吉布斯自由能： The Gibbs equation:multicomponent systems From Gibbs-Duhen equation:∑μidni=0 ； ； ； ； ； ； 几个半径之间的相互关系： Martin Diameter≤Graticule Diameter, Number Average Diameter(dn)Surface Average Diameter(ds)Volume Average Diameter(dv) 摩尔质量及相应的测量方法： （1）数均摩尔质量（number average）——渗透压（osmotic press, other colligative properties） （2）质均摩尔质量（mas