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分类号: O175 2013届本科生毕业论文 题目： 一类分数阶微分方程解的存在性 作 者 姓 名: 许学成 学 号: 2009070220 学院 、专业： 数学与统计学院 数学与应用数学 指导教师姓名: 陈攀峰 指导教师职称: 副教授 2013年4月5日 摘 要 分数阶微分方程近年来越来越多的用于描述光学和热学系统、控制技术、机器人等应用领域中的问题，特别是从实际问题中抽象出来的一类分数阶微分方程解的存在性对解决实际应用问题提供了很大的帮助.本文主要论述了分数阶微分方程的发展，介绍了将一般形式的分数阶微分方程转化为等价积分方程法证明其解的存在性，应用Banach压缩映射原理及不动点定理证明非线性分数阶微分方程解的存在性.最后，介绍了微分方程在粘弹性材料模型、控制模型、变分原理以及扩散波动方程中的应用. 关键词：分数阶微分方程； 不动点定理； Banach压缩映射原理 ABSTRACT Recent years, the fractional differential equations are increasingly used to describe optical and thermal system, controlling technique, robots, and other application fields. Especially, the existence of solutions of fractional differential equations which is abstracted from the practice gives a great help to solve the problems. This paper introduces the development of the fractional differential equations. Then it discusses the proof of the existence of solutions by transforming fractional differential equations into equivalent integral equations, and it also proves the existence of solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations by applying the Banach contraction mapping principle and fixed point theorem. Finally, This paper introduces the application of differential equations of viscoelastic Material Model, control the spread of models, the variational principle and application of wave equation. Keywords: Fractional Differential Equation; Fixed point theorem; Banach contraction mapping principle 目 录 引言………………………………………………………………………………...1 1预备知识………………………………………………………………………....1 1.1 Schauder不动点定理……………………………………………………1 1.2 Lipschitz条件……………………………………………………………1 1.3 Banach压缩映象原理…………………………………………………...2 1.4 引理.......................................................................................2 1.5 Riemann-Liouville积分………………………………………………….2 1.6 Riemann-Liouville微分…………………………………………….........2