总复习第一节.pptVIP

英语语法总复习 * * 张敏 名词与主谓一致 （一）可数名词与不可数名词 1.可数名词:个体名词和集体名词，都有单数和复数形式，且单数变复数有2种形式。 (1)规则变化： 1,直接加—s.例如：cups,days,glasses 2,以~s,~x,~ch,~sh结尾的词后加~es,读[iz].例如： classes,boxes,matches 3 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加es. E.g. city-cities, country-countyies 4.以f 或fe结尾的名词，一般变f,fe 为v, 再加es. 考题：-----turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves 5.以字母O 结尾的名词，一般加es. （2）不规则变化 foot-feet man-men tooth-teeth mouse-mice woman-women 1.只有复数的名词。E.g. clothes, trousers, glasses, goods, thanks, shorts, contents, congratulations 2.有些词的复数形式可表示特殊的含义。例如customs, letters ,forces ,looks ,manners ,glasses ,works ,times , 如: Father went to his doctor for ---about his heart trouble. A. An advice B. advice C. advices D. The advices 3. 不可数名词与某些特定的单位名词连用 An article of clothing, furniture; a piece of news , advice, information, furniture ; a bottle of milk , wine A cup of, a glass of, a head of, e.g. Would you like-----, sir? -----No, thanks. I have had much. Some more orange B. Any more oranges C. Some more orange D. any more orange 二. 名词所有格及of 的用法 英语名词所有格的构成有 ’s, of, -s 1.有生命的事物名词的所有格 e.g. my mother’s bag the horse’s tail students’ book Women’ s day Mary and Tom’ s room Mary’s and Tom’ s fathers 考题：The----is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’ s shop Note: 起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用 ’s 2. 无生命的事物名词的所有格 （1） 多用of+名词的结构表示 如：the capital of China the surface of the earth (2) 表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命的事物名词，也可用 ’s 表示所有关系。如：ten minutes’ walk China’ s population The school’ s history (三）专有名词 (四）抽象名词具体化 如：have a good knowledge of English have a sleep Make an apology have a good time It’s a pity. A surprise a wonder (五）名词的用法： 主语：The boy broke his arm yesterday. 宾语：We lost our way . 补语：We call him Bob. 定语：boy friend school gate 同位语： Lucy, a famous star, died ye