高考英语交际用语.doc

交际用语 知识讲解 考纲要求的交际用语项目 汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。许多情景对话中使用的习惯用语符合英美人的表达习惯。问候、告别、问路、打电话、购物、看病等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语;感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其约定俗成的应答用语。考生必须用英美人的思维方式,遵循他们的习惯进行回答。交际用语常见的回答用语主要有以下几个方面: 一 感谢 —Thank you. (Thanks a lot. Thank you for your help. It’s very nice/ kind of you to help me. I really appreciate your help.) — It’s a pleasure. (Don’t mention it. /My pleasure. /That’s OK. /That’s all right. /You’re welcome.) 二 道歉 —Sorry. （I’m sorry. /Excuse me, please./ I’m sorry that I am late./ I’m sorry for losing the book./ I’m sorry to interrupt you.） —That’s OK/all right. (It’s OK. /It’s all right. / It doesn’t matter. / Never mind. / It’s nothing. Forget it.) 三 邀请 —Would you like to go for a walk? (May I invite you to dinner? / What (How) about seeing a film with me? /I wonder if we could go shopping together.) ?I’d like that. Thank you. (Yes, I’d love to. / That would be nice. / Sounds good (great). /Why not?) ?No, thank you. (It’s very nice of you, but… /I’d love to, but… /I’m sorry I can’t. /What about another time? / I’m afraid I can’t, for…) 四 请求允许 —May I come in? (Is it all right if I sit here?) —Yes, please. (Sure. / Certainly. / Please do. OK.) —Can/Could I use your telephone? —Of course you can. (Go ahead, please. / I’m afraid not.) —I wonder/am wondering if I could smoke here. (Do you mind if I smoke here? /Would you mind...? 五 问候Good morning (afternoon, evening). /Hello /Hi. /How do you do? /Nice to meet you. 回答相同 How are you? —Fine, thank you. And you? /Very well, thank you. 六 介绍This is Mr. (Mrs. /Miss)... / I’d like you to meet my parents. /My name is....I’m a student. 七 告别 Goodbye. /See you later (tomorrow). /Good night.八 祝愿、祝贺和应答 Good luck!/ Best wishes to you. /Have a nice (good) time (journey). /Congratulations! —Thank you.—Happy New Year!/ Merry Christmas! —The same to you. —Happy birthday to you. —Thank you. 九 遗憾和同情 What a pity! /I’m sorry to hear that. 十 提供帮助和应答 Can I help you?What can I do for you? /Here, take this/m