基于Pareto蚁群算法和3S技术的灌区水资源空间优化配置.pdfVIP

166 中国农村水利水电·2014年第3期 文章编号：1007—2284(2014)03一0166—03 基于Pareto蚁群算法和3S技木的 灌区水资源空问优化配置 侯景伟 (宁夏大学资源环境学院，银川750021) 摘要：为了解决灌区水资源配置中的信息采集方法落后和多目标模型求解易陷入局部最优等问题，通过伪随机并 行搜索和最近邻域选择等策略对Pareto蚁群算法进行改进，然后将Pareto蚁群算法与3S技术耦合，以宁夏银北灌区为 仿真对象，利用改进的Pareto蚁群算法计算灌区多目标、多约束的水资源空间优化配置模型，获得最优的井灌水量、渠 灌水量、排水量以及最优的经济效益和灌排费用。基于Pareto蚁群算法和3s技术的灌区水资源空间优化配置，能加快 算法的收敛速度，获得全局最优解，使优化结果更接近实际，对灌区的水资源宏观调度具有一定的参考价值。 关键词：Pareto蚁群算法；3S技术；灌区；水资源；优化配置 中图分类号：$274 文献标识码：A Optimal Spatial Allocation of Water Resources in Irrigated Areas Based on Pareto Ant Colony Algorithm and 3S Technology HOU Jing-wei (School of Resoueces and Environment，Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China) Abstract：To allocate water resources in irrigated areas by using a multi—objective model，some problems must be solved，for exam— pie，information acquisition problem and falling into local optimum．A Pareto ant colony algorithm(PACA)is introduced and im- proved through two strategies：pseudo random parallel search and nearest neighbor selection．Then PACA is coupled with 3S(GIS， RS and GPS)technology．Yinbei Irrigation District in Ningxia is selected as a case study．Optimal spatial allocation model of water resources in irrigated areas，with multi—objective，multi—constraint and pixel—based characteristics，is calculated in the PACA—based GIS platform．Finally，allocation schemes，including irrigation water from wells and canals，drainage volume，economic benefit and costs from irrigation and drainage，are optimized．The integration of PACA with 3S technology can accelerate the PACA conver— gence。and simultaneously obtain the global optimal solution．Therefore。the method makes the optimization results closer tO the re— ality for support and decision of water resource scheduling in irrigated areas． Key words：Pareto ant colony algorithm(PACA)；38 technology；irrigated area；water resources；optimal allocation 灌区水资源空间优化配置是指在一个特定灌区内，以公 平、协调、效率为原则，通过各种工程和非工程措施，协调地表 水、地下水的引水量和排水量，实现灌区水资源的可持续利用 和农业的可持续发展。前人已构建了很多灌区水资源优化配 置模型，多数是改进目标函数和约束条件[1’2]，也有算法的突 破，如遗传算法[3]、