palnt tissue culture.ppt

Gautheret, first callus culture Skoog, 1954 Murashige Murashige ve Skoog medium Maheswari, 1960 first anther culture Nitsch, 1974 microspore culture Cocking, 1960 Protoplast culture ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Morel, 1960 micropropagationMelchers, 1978 protoplast fusion Pomato Nickell, Sekondary metabolite production Plant tissue culture studies in TURKEY First at Agricultural Resarch Institions and Universities with micropropagation studies Aegean and Ankara Universities and Bornova Agricultural Resarch Instition are pioneering Today more than 30 Universities, Rsearch Institions, TüB?TAK and private sector has tissue culture facilities. ????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? * ?????????????????????????????? laminar flows ???????????????????????????????????? * ??????????????? * ???????????????????????? Growth chambres * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Plant Tissue Culture What is Plant Tissue Culture?Tissue culture is the culture and maintenance of plant cells, tissues or organs (explants) in sterile, nutritionally (synthetic media) and environmentally (controlled) supportive conditions (in vitro).  What conditions do plant cells need to multiply in vitro? Freedom from competition Nutrients and removal of waste products A controlled environment Why Tissue Culture? Seed culture Increasing efficiency of germination of seeds that are difficult to germinate in vivo Precocious germination by application of plant growth regulators Production of clean seedlings for explants or meristem culture Embryo culture Overcoming embryo abortion due to incompatibility barriers Overcoming seed dormancy and self-sterility of seeds Embryo rescue in distant (interspecific or intergeneric) hybridization where endosperm development is poor Shortening of breeding cycle Ova