现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter1.docxVIP

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现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter1.docx

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现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter1

现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料Chapter 1 A General Survey Of English Vocabulary1.0 The Definition of the term “word” 词的定义1.1 The Development of English Vocabulary英语词汇的发展史1.2 Classification of English Words词的分类The Definition of the term “word”Word: a fundamental unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning (both lexical and grammatical meaning), capable of performing a given syntactic function.a minimum free formsoundlexical and grammatical meaningsyntactic functionBound form粘着形式：Never used as sentences. Free form 自由形式：Consists entirely of two or more lesser free forms. It’s not a phrase，is a word.1.1 The Development of English VocabularyNative: Celtic1st period(449-1100): Old English or Anglo-Saxon Period (OE or AS) Celtic → Anglo-Saxon (the settlement from 450 AD.) / Old Norse / Latin2nd period (1100-1500): Middle English Period (ME)French (the Norman Conquest in 1066)Latin3rd period (1500-present): Modern English PeriodEarly stages of Modern English (1500-1700)Latin (Renaissance)Greek (Renaissance)Contemporary English (1700-present):Three Romance Languages : French, Spanish, ItalianOther European languages: Portuguese, German, Dutch …Non-European languages (exploration, colonization, trade)The rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary and its causes.Marked progress of science and technology.Socio-economic，political and cultural changes.The influence of other cultures and languages.1.2 Classification of English WordsThree main criteria: By origin: 1. native words 本族词2. loan words 外来词By level of usage: 1. common words 普通词 2. literary words 书面词3. colloquial words 口头词 4. slang words 俚语 5. technical words 术语By notion: 1. function words 功能词 2. content words 实义词By origin: 1. native words 本族词 2. loan words 外来词Native words: words of Anglo-Saxon origin or of old EnglishFeatures of native words:Most are monosyllabicforming the great majority of the basic word stockLoan / borrowe