自然辩证法论文-我国生态文明建设的问题和对策.docxVIP

我国生态文明建设的问题与对策 The Problems and Countermeasures of Ecological Civilization Construction in China 摘要：改革开放以来，我国经济社会迅猛发展，多项指标超额完成。然而由于忽视了经济发展对环境的过度消耗和污染，我国的环境问题却越来越严重。2012年，党的十八大正式将“生态文明建设”写入国家五年规划，期盼在国内树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，努力建设美丽中国，实现国家的可持续发展。 改革道阻且长，我国的生态文明建设仍面临诸多问题——民众没有普遍建立生态文明价值观、粗放的经济发展方式对环境破坏严重、相关法律法规和体制尚不健全等等。因此，我们应在精神、制度和技术支撑等方面不断完善生态文明建设工作，真正将经济发展与环境保护平衡好，实现人与自然的和谐发展。 关键词：生态文明建设、可持续发展、问题、对策 Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, China has received rapid economic and social development. However, due to ignoring the excessive consumption and pollution caused by economic development, Chinas environmental problems have become increasingly serious. In 2012, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) formally put the ecological civilization construction into the national five-year plan, hoping to establish an ecological civilization concept of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature in China, and endeavoring to build a beautiful China and achieve national sustainable development. Reform will take a long time, because Chinas ecological civilization is still facing many problems - people do not generally establish the value of ecological civilization, extensive economic development do damage to the environment, the relevant laws, regulations and systems are not yet sound and so on. Therefore, we should continuously perfect the construction of ecological civilization in the aspects of spirit, system and technical support so as to balance the economic development and environmental protection, to achieve the harmonious development between man and nature. Key words: Ecological civilization construction, sustainable development, problems, countermeasures 引言 自工业革命以来，大规模工业化和机械化的生产方式取代了原本自给自足的农耕生产方式，各国经济社会得到了迅猛发展，但对自然资源的无情掠夺和肆意污染同时也导致了大面积的环境破坏现象，当年的伦敦烟雾事件和洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件便是典型的案例。经济迅猛发展中的中国，同样面临着生态环境遭受严重破坏的问题。全国水土流失面积达356万平方公里，占国土面积1/3以上；全国人均水资源仅为世界平均水平的28%，大量河流湖泊受到严重污染；全国旱涝灾害频发，每年近4亿亩农田收到影响；全国雾霾天气频发，呼吸道疾病所患人群不断增加……这一系列现象都表明我国的生态