抽象名词的译法解读.pptx

主讲人：邱红飞 抽象名词的译法 什么是抽象名词 1.抽象名词是性质、状态、动作、概念等的名称,如: time(时间), hope(希望), friendship(友谊), knowledge(知识)等。 2.抽象名词一般无复数形式,不加冠词,只有特指时加the。 Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 The friendship between us is long and lasting. 我们的友谊地久天长。 friendship是特指的。 3.有些抽象名词可与of连用,起形容词的作用。 It is of great importance. 它是很重要的。相当于It is very important。 有动作意味的抽象名词及某些由动词转化来的抽象名词可以转译成动词，表意更清楚 The sight and sound of our jet planes fitted me with special longing． 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的声音，令我特别神往。（都是有动作意味的名词） And there is also the objection that the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement radiated. 同时也有人反对说, 文化的进步始终是以城市为中心向外传播的。（由动词转化来的抽象名词） There is only one area of agreement in this debate that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one of their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problem. 在这场辩论中, 只有一个方面能取得一致意见, 即现有的关于贫困状况, 就业状况以及工资收入状况的统计数字在估量劳务市场的问题所带来的后果这项主要的实际应用中不能充分说明问题 （由动词转化来的抽象名词） 抽象名词作主语汉译通常改变其句子成分 英文中的抽象名词作主语时，汉译时要根据上下文予以改变，使汉语表达以“人”为中心。 所谓句子成分的改变,就是把句子的某一成分译成另一成分。例如把英语句子的状语译成汉语句中的主语,把定语译成谓语,把主语译成宾语等等。 Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我兴奋的说不出话来。 The satisfaction of killing time and affording some outlet, however modest, for ambition, belongs to most work, and is sufficient to make even a man whose work is dull happier on the average than a man who has no work at all. 大多数的人都使人有打发时间并使自己的抱负多多少少得以施展的满足感，这种满足感得以使一个从事单调乏味工作的人通常比一个没有工作的人快乐一些。 抽象名词汉化时转化为含有具体特征的词 If he had the courage，he would go to the police station and re- port the whole case． 如果他有勇气的话，他就会去警察局报案。（英语中的抽象名词翻译成汉语中的抽象名词） For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the middle east and north Africa where us tobacco exports increased by more than 27 percent in 1974. 例如，美国烟草工业就力图在中东和北非推销香烟，在这些地区，美国的烟草的出口量在1974增加了27%以上。（翻译为动词） If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered，it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and abili