语法复习虚拟语气.docVIP

高二英语语法复习 虚 拟 语 气 虚拟语气用于表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测建议或与事实不符的假设的虚拟情况。 一、（一）、if引导的虚拟条件句 条件状语从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式 与过去事实相反 had done would/should/could/might + have done 与现在事实相反 did (were) would/should/could/might + do 与将来事实相反 did (were) should do were to do eg: 1、If you had studied harder , you would have passed the exam. 如果你学习用功的话，你就通过考试了。 2、If I hadn’t taken your advice , I would have made a bad mistake. 我要不是听了你的话，就犯大错误了。 3、If he were here , he could be glad to see you. 他要是在这里，见到你会很高兴的。 4、If I had money , I should buy a house. 如果我有很多钱，我就买房子。 5、If it should rain / rained / were to rain tomorrow , I wouldn’t go out. 如果明天下雨的话，我就不出去了。 6、If it were Sunday tomorrow , I should go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期日，我就去看望我奶奶。 练习： 1、If the dog hadn’t woken us , we the fire and it the house next door. A. hadn’t noticed ; had spread to B. wouldn’t have noticed ; might have spread to C. wouldn’t notice ; would have spread to D. didn’t notice ; spread to 2、If I you , I more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was ; shall pay B. am ; will pay C. would be ; would pay D. were ; would pay 3、If I plan to do anything I wanted to , I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to 4、If you were to do it , the result different. A. will be B. would be C. should have been D. would have been （二）、错综时间非真实条件句中的虚拟语气（混合时间的虚拟条件句） 即：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时（即：主句和从句的时间不一致），如从句指过去，而主句指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类形对动词的形式作相应的调整。 eg: If you had listened to me , you wouldn’t be in such trouble now. 如果你听了我的话，你现在就不会有这样的麻烦了。 （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反） If you had taken my advice , you would be much better now. 如果你当时采纳我的建议，你现在就会好多了。 （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反） If it rained now , the crops should be saved. 如果现在下雨的话，庄稼就有救了。 （从句与现在事实相反，主句与将来事实相反） （三）、if 虚拟条件句的倒装 当条件状语从句的谓语部分含有 had , should 或 were 时，就将 had , should 或 were放句首，把句子写