动土-射线作业安全监护培训教材精编.ppt

* The above picture follows an accident in 1999 () where a welder carries Ir-192 radiography source in his rear trouser pocket; dose near contact leads to amputation of one leg; Yanango (Peru). IAEA A 1.37?TBq 192Ir was “lost” from its shielded container. The source was picked up by an employee at the site where radiography was taking place and carried in his pocket for several hours. Some 5 hours later he experienced pain in the back of his right thigh. His wife later noted reddening of the skin. She was also exposed when she sat on his jeans (which contained the source) for 5?10?mins while breastfeeding. Two other children were within 2?–?3?metres of the source for around 2 hours. The loss of the source was not apparent to the industrial radiographer until some 6 hours after it was picked up by the employee when a series of routine exposures resulted in unexposed films. The skin dose (at 1?cm) to the employee’s leg was estimated at around 10?kGy. His right leg was later amputated at the hip and the anal sphincter and basal part of the scrotum were resected. His wife developed an ulcerative lesion on the lower back. Although the cause of the “loss” of the source remains unknown, it is clear that the industrial radiographer failed to ensure the security of the source container and failed to properly use the radiation survey devices available to him. This type of incident has been reported elsewhere and could occur in any country. Prevention depends solely on appropriate training and strict observance of prescribed safety procedures by the industrial radiographer. Also relate accidents in Iran 1996, Morocco 1984 Algeria 1978 and more recently in Egypt 2000 etc. 1.37 TBq 192Ir. 事故后2天 右大腿上的大疱 1999年秘鲁亚拿哥 安全得不到保证的源丢失后6小时后显现出来。 距1cm处，估计皮肤剂量为10kGy；右小腿被截肢。 工作人员的妻子和两个孩子也受到照射。 2014年，在南京发生的一起放射源遗失事件中，捡拾放射源铱-192的王某，将放射源放在口袋中3个多小时，回家后又将其扔到自家院子里数十小时，经专家检测，王某初步诊断为急性轻度放射病。 案例1 5、国内工业探伤放射事故案例 完全裸露的探伤用放射源是由连接起来的圆柱体组成的金属链 南京丢失放射源照片 据王某向警方陈述：5月7日上午8时许，他在中石化第五建设公司车间