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On the Evolution Operator Kernel for the Coulomb and Coulomb--Like Potentials
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ON THE EVOLUTION OPERATOR
KERNEL FOR THE COULOMB AND
COULOMB–LIKE POTENTIALS
V. A. SLOBODENYUK
Abstract
With a help of the Schwinger — DeWitt expansion analytical prop-
erties of the evolution operator kernel for the Schro?dinger equation in
time variable t are studied for the Coulomb and Coulomb-like (which
behaves themselves as 1/|~q| when |~q| → 0) potentials. It turned out
to be that the Schwinger — DeWitt expansion for them is divergent.
So, the kernels for these potentials have additional (beyond δ-like)
singularity at t = 0. Hence, the initial condition is fulfilled only in
asymptotic sense. It is established that the potentials considered do
not belong to the class of potentials, which have at t = 0 exactly δ-like
singularity and for which the initial condition is fulfilled in rigorous
sense (such as V (q) = ?λ(λ?1)2 1cosh2 q for integer λ).
1
1 Introduction
This paper continues the series of works [1, 2, 3] devoted to study of de-
pendence of the evolution operator kernel for the Schro?dinger equation on
time interval t (especially, in vicinity of origin). We use for the kernel the
Schwinger — DeWitt expansion [4, 5, 6] which in one-dimensional case reads
〈q′, t | q, 0〉 = 1√
2πit
exp
{
i
(q′ ? q)2
2t
}
F (t; q′, q), (1)
where
F (t; q′, q) =
∞∑
n=0
(it)nan(q
′, q). (2)
It was obtained [2] the estimate for the coefficients an which shows that
this expansion is usually divergent, if there is no any cancellations of different
contributions. Such cancellations really take place for some potentials, as it
is established in [3] . For example, for the potential
V (q) = ?λ(λ? 1)
2
1
cosh2 q
(3)
the series (2) converges when λ is integer. Thus, for the most of the potentials
the expansion (2) is divergent, but there exist the class of potentials for
which this expansion is convergent at some discrete values of the coupling
constant g.
Divergence of expansion (2) shows that the function F , which is re
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