Illposedness in a Thermomechanically Consistent Constrained Theory for Materials with Presc.pdf

Illposedness in a ThermomechanicallyConsistent Constrained Theory for Materialswith Prescribed Temperature-dependentDensityQi WangDepartment of Mathematical SciencesIndiana University{Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolis, IN 46202AbstractWe examine the local dynamics of nonisothermal viscous ows in the neighborhoodof the constant equilibria using the thermomechanically consistent constrained theoryfor materials with prescribed temperature-dependent density developed by Cao et al.(1996). We discover that the linearized growth rate of small length scale, innitesimaldisturbances near the equilibria is proportional to the reciprocal of their wave length, aclassical phenomenon known as the Hadamard instability, indicating the local illposed-ness of the constrained theory. Therefore, the use of the theory to model transient owphenomenon is not advised.1 IntroductionCao et al. (1996) developed a thermomechanically consistent constrained theory formaterials with prescribed temperature-dependent density. This theory successfully capturesthe expansion cooling phenomenon observed in nonisothermal steady state Poiseuille owsof viscous uids (Winter 1977, Cao et al. 1996) while the ad hoc theories (Kase and Matsuo1965, Sabhapathy and Cheng 1986, Hayashi et al. 1992), where a temperature-dependentdensity is a posteriori inserted into the classical theory for incompressible materials (Birdet al. 1987), fail. In this regard, the constrained theory of Cao et al.s marks a notabletheoretical advance in modeling steady state nonisothermal ows.When applied to transient ow problems, however, the theory is found to be patholog-ical in that not only the constant equilibria are unstable at any experimentally attainabletemperature, but also innitesimal disturbances of small length scales near the equilibriumgrow proportionally to the reciprocal of their wave length. This catastrophic phenomenonhas been referred to as the classical Hadamard instability (Joseph 1990).Examples of m