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Thermal freeze-out versus chemical freeze-out reexamined.pdf

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Thermal freeze-out versus chemical freeze-out reexamined

a r X i v : n u c l - t h / 0 7 0 2 0 4 2 v 2 1 4 D e c 2 0 0 7 Thermal freeze-out versus chemical freeze-out reexamined Dariusz Prorok Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroc law, Pl.Maksa Borna 9, 50-204 Wroc law, Poland (Dated: December 6, 2007) A competitive, to the commonly used blast-wave, model describing the freeze-out hypersurface is applied to fit the pT -spectra of identified hadrons measured at relativistic heavy-ion collisions at √ sNN = 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV. Decays of resonances are taken into account completely. It has turned out that the fitted kinetic freeze-out temperature and baryon number chemical potential depend weakly on the centrality of the collision and their values are close to the chemical freeze-out values determined from fits to particle yield ratios. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q, 25.75.Dw, 24.10.Pa, 24.10.Jv I. INTRODUCTION During a heavy-ion collision a hot and dense medium is created which eventually evolves into a state of freely streaming particles. The process of hadron decoupling is called freeze-out and two kinds of freeze-out are distinguished [1, 2]: (i) chemical freeze-out at Tchem when the hadron abundances become fixed and (ii) thermal (kinetic) freeze-out at Tkin when elastic rescattering processes cease and hadrons start to escape freely. And Tchem ≥ Tkin is expected. Values of the statistical parameters at the chemical freeze-out are determined from fits to particle yield ratios, whereas corresponding values at the kinetic freeze-out are fitted to the spectra of hadrons. Tchem ～ 150?170 MeV is estimated at highest heavy-ion reaction energy [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. Additionally, fits done for various centrality classes have revealed that Tchem is almost independent of centrality [4, 6, 8, 9, 10]. On the contrary, the temperature at the kinetic freeze-out depends on the centrality and is substantially lower. From the most central to the peripheral bin it changes as follows: Tkin = 121? 161 MeV fo