[中学联盟]动词时态语态.doc

语法复习：动词的时态与语态 一、考点梳理 考点1. 一般过去时与过去进行时的区别 一般过去时表达过去的动作或状态；过去进行时表示过去某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。 1．Tom________ into the house when no one ___________. A. slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped; had noticed D. was slipping; noticed 2．He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 考点2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调过去动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果；一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态。 1. We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _______ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened 2. Mr. Lee, who ________ as a carpenter for over 10 years, is now a very famous statesman in this country. A. has worked B. had worked C. worked D. works 3. Hello, I ____ you were in London. How long _________ here? A. don’t know; were you B. hadn’t known; are you C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; have you been 考点3. 现在/过去完成时与现在/过去完成进行时的区别 1. 如果与一段时间连用，两个时态可相互替用，只不过完成进行时具有强烈的感情色彩。 I have been learning English for ten years.＝I have learned English for ten years. 2.. 现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。 I have been writing an article.我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在) I have written an article.我已写好了一篇文章。(已完成) 3. 现在完成进行时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成直接的影响。 ---You look tired. ---Yes, I have been cleaning the house. 4. 现在完成进行时可以表示现在以前的这段时间内反复发生的事情。 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。 考点4. 现在/过去/将来进行时 1. 现在/过去进行时与always、often、constantly, continually 等副词连用表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。 Look at your room. It’s in a mess. You ______ always ______(throw) things about. 2. 进行时除了表现在/过去某时刻正在进行的动作，也表现阶段/过去某阶段正在进行的动作。 She ______(write) a report last night and she hasn’t finished it yet. I don’t work here. I _______(help) until the new secretary comes. 3. 有些动词不用进行时。 ① 表示心理状态、情感的动词(like, love, hate, adore, know, understand, believe, want, mind,