2017届高考英语语法复习专题03代词(知识精讲)牛津译林版汇编.doc

专题03代词 知识精讲 代词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考生容易出错的项目，因为代词具有较大灵活性。考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误一是机械地套用语法规则；二是用汉语思维去分析题意。 一、代词的基础知识 数 单数 复数 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 人称代词 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us You them 物主代词 形容 词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 指示代词 this that such these those such 相互代词 宾格 each other one another 所有格 each other’s one another’s 不定代词 可数 one, each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either, neither 不可数 much, (a) little 可数不可数 any, other, all, some 复合 不定代词 anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing 疑问代词 who whom whose which what 连接代词 who whom whose which what(专题10名词从句) 关系代词 who whom whose which that(专题12定语从句) 二、代词的重点知识 (一)易混代词的辨析 1. that(those), one(ones)和it(的替代用法) ①it替代上文中所提到的同一事物。它所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：the, this, that。 ②one替代上文中所出现的非特指的单数名词，所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：some 或any；one的复数形式用ones；the one 用来替代上文提到的特指的单数名词；the ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词。 ③that替代上文中所出现的特指的名词，单数名词或不可数名词都可以；those替代上文中所出现，特指的复数名词。 ①Where is that book? I can’t find it. ②I haven’t got any erasers. Will you please lend me one? ③The book isn’t so interesting as the one/that you borrowed. ④The best cigarettes are those/the ones from Yunnan. ⑤The boy told me his story and that/the one of the girl next door. ⑥Your coat is blue, and my new one is green. 说明：①one和that都可以用来替代上文中所出现的名词，有时可以互换；但是在下列情况下不可以互换： 只能用that 只能用one that既可替代可数名词，也可替代不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those。 one只能替代可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one ②the ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。 The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.桌上的那些书比桌下的好。 Only those(the ones)who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。 但是，the ones中的ones根据情况可用形容词修饰，而those不可以。 —Which do you want?你想要哪个? —I’ll have the red ones.我要红色的。 Don’t buy the expensive apples; get the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。 ①My seat is next to _______ of