BELIEF SYSTEM.pptx

BELIEF SYSTEM BY Youmei Yuan ANIMISM The belief that every living and nonliving thing in nature has a spirit Was a feature of the belief systems of many early people EXAMPLE: people in Shang China and in some traditional African societies, believed that the spirits of deceased ancestors could affect life in a positive or negative way. Buddhism Developing in India but later spread into other areas, such as China Its founder, Siddhartha Gautama was thereafter referred to as the Buddha, or the Enlightened One The central philosophy of Buddhism revolves around the Four Noble Truths The Eightfold Path’s ultimate goal is nirvana ~right views, right intentions, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right rebirth After Buddha died, his teachings were collected in to “Three Baskets of Wisdom” ~made up rules for Buddhist monks and discussions of Buddhists beliefs. Hinduism One of the oldest and most complex religions in the world No single founder Believe in Brahman(one unifying spirit) Karma consists of all the deeds of a person’s life that affect his or her existence in the next life ~Example: A person is born into a caste if good and obey caste rules. He or she is going to be higher caste for next life The Caste System ~an important part of Hinduism ~social groups into which people are born and out of which people are born and out of which they cannot move during a lifetime Confucianism China’s most influential thinker Confucius’s teaching collected in The Analects People are naturally good Education should be the road to advancement in society Believed that, except for friendships, none of these relationships was equal Example: Older people were superior to younger people, and men were superior to women Taoism To help people to live in harmony with nature Its founder is Laozi Believe in a balance between yin and yang ~yin means darkness, female forces ~yang means light, male force Laozi had writ