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Gravitational decays of heavy particles in large extra dimensions.pdf

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Gravitational decays of heavy particles in large extra dimensions

a r X i v : h e p - p h / 0 2 0 5 0 9 9 v 2 2 2 J u l 2 0 0 2 CERN-TH/2002-034 HIP-2002-06/TH Gravitational decays of heavy particles in large extra dimensions E. Gabrielli1,2 and B. Mele3 1 Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 2 Helsinki Institute of Physics, POB 64,00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 3Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma and Dip. di Fisica, Universita? La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy Abstract In the framework of quantum gravity propagating in large extra dimensions, we an- alyze the inclusive radiative emission of Kaluza-Klein spin-2 gravitons in the two- fermions decays of massive gauge bosons, heavy quarks, Higgs bosons, and in the two-massive gauge bosons decay of Higgs bosons. We provide analytical expressions for the square modulus of amplitudes summed over polarizations, and numerical re- sults for the widths and branching ratios. The corresponding decays in the Z, top quark, and Higgs boson sectors of the standard model are analyzed in the light of present and future experiments. 1 Introduction After the recent proposal of Arkani–Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali (ADD) on quan- tum gravity propagating in large extra dimensions [1], there has been an intense theoretical activity on this subject [2]-[6]. In [1], it was pointed out that if compact- ified extra dimensions exist, with only gravity propagating in the bulk and standard matter with gauge fields confined in the usual 3+1 dimensional space, then the fun- damental scale of quantum gravity could be much lower than the Planck scale MP . In particular the weakness of gravity might be due to the large size of the compact- ified extra dimensional space.? Indeed, in this scenario, the Newton constant GN in ? For a realization of large extra dimension scenarios in the framework of string theories, see [7]. 1 the 3+1 dimensional space is related to the corresponding Planck scale MD in the D = 4 + δ dimensional space, by G?1N = 8πR δM2+δD (