Lecture 37 - Frequency Doubling Perimetry.pdfVIP

Vision Science II - Monocular Sensory Aspects of Vision Lecture 37 - Frequency Doubling Perimetry REVIEW OF THE PARVO MAGNO SYSTEMS The retino-cortical neural tracts include two parallel pathways. ? parvocellular pathway ? magnocellular pathway Anatomic features of the parvocellular system ? input mostly from foveal cones ? smaller ganglion cells (P, X, midget or beta cells) ? small diameter axons ? slower transmission ? synapse in upper four LGN layers Anatomic features of the magnocellular system ? input mostly peripheral cones ? larger ganglion cells (M, Y, parasol or alpha cells) ? large diameter axons ? faster transmission ? synapse in the lower two LGN layers. Parvocellular functions ? the “what” system for detailed vision ? color discrimination ? high spatial resolution ? central vision ? ganglion cells show sustained response ? linear response ? slower temporal response Magnocellular functions ? the “where” system for quick detection and alerting ? no color discrimination ? low spatial resolution ? peripheral vision ? ganglion cells show transient response ? some non-linear responses ? quick temporal response (motion perception) The parvo and magnocellular pathways are important to clinical optometry in ? vision therapy ? glaucoma diagnosis FREQUENCY DOUBLING PERIMETRY Chronic glaucoma is difficult to diagnose and manage because in the early stages it is essentially a symptomless disease, and in some cases the patient with glaucoma may have normal IOPs. Definitive diagnosis based on ophthalmoscopy or fundus biomicroscopy (90D, 78D, Superfield lens, etc.) can be difficult. White-on-white static automated perimetry is the current standard for making a final diagnosis of glaucoma, but standard perimetry may fail to detect early damage. Because glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness, a major part of modern eye research is being devoted to finding better ways to diagnose glaucoma. The