2014届高考英语二轮专题精选学案介词.docVIP

介词 　　介词不能单独使用，必须后跟宾语，构成介词短语在句中使用，介词短语由介词+宾语构成，在句中可作状语、定语和表语等。　　in, on, to, with, by, for, at, from, up, beyond, before, among, of, off, against, like, since, besides, behind, during等about　　be about to … 即将做……　　What/How about …?　 ……怎么样for　　交换：　　He sold the house for 50,000 yuan.　　达到某一数值：She wrote a check for ￡20.　　赞成，拥护：I’m for getting up early and going to bed early.　　固定搭配：　　for one thing　　　　　首先　　for example　　　　　　例如　　for ever　　　　 　　　永远　　for the time being 　　暂时，目前　　for instance 　　　　　例如　　for free　　　　　　　 免费　　for the first time 　　第一次　　for sale　　　　　　　 出售，待售　　watch out for　　　　　警惕　　long for 　　　　　　　渴望　　for one’s good　　　　为（某人）好with　　和……一起:：He is playing table tennis with Tom.　　用……工具：Don’t write with a pencil.　　随着：The weather changes with seasons.　　带有，具有：Our company needs people with specialized knowledge.　　行为方式：Handle with care！　　原因：She shivered with cold.　　注意：with的复合结构 ：常在句中作状语，表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。　　She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)　　她经常开着窗户睡觉。　　He came in with a book in his hand. (prep.)　　他手里拿着本书进来了。　　She felt scared with so many people looking at her. （doing）　　这么多人看着她，她感到害怕。　　With everything bought, he left the market.　 (done)　　买完了所需要的东西之后，他离开了市场。　　With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .(to do)　　由于没有什么事情可做，他便到外面散步。　　He left his room with the light on. (adv.)　　他离开了房间，灯亮着。by　　用于被动结构：This book was written by Lu Xun.　　表地点，“靠近，在……的旁边”：There is a pumping station by the river.　　表时间，“在……之前，不迟于”： You must hand in your homework by tomorrow.　　表方法、手段：You will make progress only by studying hard.　　途径：　He entered by the back door.　　表示按某物标准或单位：The company paid me by the hour.　　根据，按照……：Don’t judge a person by his appearance.　　触及，持住某人的身体或衣物：I took the boy by the hand.　　表增减程度：　He missed the target by an inch.　　固定搭配：　　　　little by little　　　 逐渐地　　stone by stone 　　　　一块石头一块石头地　　one by one 　　　　　　一个一个地　　by mistake 　　　　　　由疏忽所至　　by no means　　　　　　决不　　by accident　　　　　　偶然　　by chance　　　　　　　偶然，碰巧　　by oneself 　　　　　　独自　　by a