原创力文档A proof of Parisi’s conjecture on the random assignment problem, Probab. Theory Relat. Fie.pdf
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A proof of Parisi’s conjecture on the random assignment problem, Probab. Theory Relat. Fie
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A PROOF OF PARISI’S CONJECTURE ON THE RANDOM
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
SVANTE LINUSSON AND JOHAN WA?STLUND
Abstract. An assignment problem is the optimization problem of find-
ing, in an m by n matrix of nonnegative real numbers, k entries, no two
in the same row or column, such that their sum is minimal. Such an
optimization problem is called a random assignment problem if the ma-
trix entries are random variables. We give a formula for the expected
value of the optimal k-assignment in a matrix where some of the en-
tries are zero, and all other entries are independent exponentially dis-
tributed random variables with mean 1. Thereby we prove the formula
1+1/4+1/9+· · ·+1/k2 conjectured by G. Parisi for the case k = m = n,
and the generalized conjecture of D. Coppersmith and G. B. Sorkin for
arbitrary k, m and n.
1. Introduction
The problem of minimizing the sum of k elements in a matrix of non-
negative real numbers under the condition that no two of them may be in
the same row or column is called an assignment problem. A set of matrix
positions no two in the same row or column is called an independent set.
An independent set of k matrix positions will also be called a k-assignment.
A random assignment problem, or RAP for short, is given by a number
k, and an m by n matrix (min(m,n) ≥ k) of random variables. If P is a
random assignment problem, we denote by E(P ) the expected value of the
minimal sum of an independent set of k matrix elements.
In this article we prove the following.
Theorem 1.1 (Parisi’s Conjecture [P98]). Let P be the RAP where k =
m = n and the matrix entries are independent exponential random variables
with intensity 1. Then
E(P ) = 1 +
1
4
+
1
9
+ · · ·+
1
k2
.
We also prove the following two generalizations.
Theorem 1.2 (Conjectured by D. Coppersmith and G. B. Sorkin [CS98]).
Let P be an RAP where the matrix entries are independent exponential ran-
dom variables with
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