Honda-1998-Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological studies on the Taklimakan Desert Sand.pdfVIP

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Honda-1998-Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological studies on the Taklimakan Desert Sand.pdf

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Honda-1998-Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological studies on the Taklimakan Desert Sand

Geochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological studies on the Taklimakan Desert sands MASATOSHI HONDA* and HIROSHI SHIMIZU*? * Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860, Japan ? Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860, Japan (E-mail: hshimizu@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jp) ABSTRACT Major-element composition, mineral composition and grain-size distribution have been studied for Quaternary aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert, north- western China, together with the variation of chemical and mineralogical compositions of different grain-size fractions. Aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert have higher ratios of feldspar/quartz and calcite/quartz, ?ner grain size, poorer roundness of quartz and feldspar grains and lower abundances of frosted quartz, than found in aeolian sediments from other deserts such as the Saudi Arabian Desert. In spite of these immature mineralogical and sedimentological features, the aeolian sediments from the Taklimakan Desert show low regional variations in major-element and mineral compositions and are homogenized. These observations con?rm that two processes, glacial activity within surrounding mountains and aeolian activity at the Tarim Basin, are important in the homogenization of the Taklimakan Desert sands. Taklimakan Desert sediments are constantly and effectively supplied from basement rocks in the surrounding mountains by glacial erosion. The supplied sediments are further homogenized by aeolian activity in the desert and are partly blown away, serving as the source of Chinese aeolian loess. Compositional differences are observed between loess (mainly 10±40 lm particles) and the 45 lm fraction of the Taklimakan Desert sediments, as well as between loess and whole rock of the Taklimakan Desert sediments. These observations provide constraints for precise modelling of loess formation, and for assessment of th