硫酸熟化焙烧酸浸从失效汽车尾气催化剂中提取铈镧(2013.10)汇编.doc

硫酸-酸浸从失效汽车尾气催化剂中提取铈镧( 昆明贵金属研究所稀贵金属综合利用新技术国家重点试验室，昆明 650106）摘要：采用硫酸化焙烧-酸浸工艺从失效汽车尾气催化剂中提取铈、镧，主要研究了、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、浸出温度、浸出酸度、浸出时间等因素对铈、镧浸出率的影响。结果表明，最佳工艺条件为：催化剂粒度99%，酸料比0.9，150焙烧3h，浸出液固比4:1，浸出酸度为mol/L，浸出温度为60，浸出时间为4h，此时，铈、镧的平均浸出率分别为8%和8%。 关键词：失效汽车尾气催化剂、硫酸化焙烧、铈、镧 中图分类号：TF845 Extraction of Cerium and Lanthanum from Automobile Catalyst by Sulphating Roasting-Acid Leaching Technique Tong Wei-feng, Dong Hai-gang,Wu Xiao-feng, Yan Jun-yu,Fan Xing-xiang,Zhao Jia-chun,Lei Yun,LI Bo-jie,Wu Yue-dong （ Kunming Institute of Precious Metals State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals,Sino-platinum Metals CO, Ltd， Kunming 650106, China）Abstract: In order to extract cerium and lanthanum from spent automobile catalyst using sulphating roasting-acid leaching, the effects of different experimental conditions, such as sulfuric acid consumption, roasting temperature and time, leaching temperature, acid concentration and leaching time, on the leaching of cerium and lanthanum were mainly investigated. The optimum conditions were obtained as 99% material particle size of 0.074mm, acid-material ratio of 0.9, roasting temperature of 150℃, roasting time of 3h, leaching liquid-solid ratio of 4:1, acid concentration of 1 mol/L, leaching temperature of 60℃, leaching time of 4 h. With these optimum conditions , 85.80 % of cerium and 85.01 % of lanthanum were extracted from the spent automobile catalyst. Key words: spent automobile catalyst, sulphating roasting, cerium, lanthanum 稀土被誉为现代工业的维他命，被广泛应用于石油、化工、冶金、机械、玻璃、新材料等领域，而世界上的稀土资源是有限的[1-2]。如何高效、合理利用稀土资源已成为当今世界急需解决的问题。因此，稀土二次资源的回收越来越受到世界各工业国家的重视，国内针对稀土二次资源回收研究针对从失效汽车尾气催化剂中回收稀土的研究[3-10]。 汽车尾气催化剂作为稀土主要的应用领域之一，每年消耗大量稀土的同时又产生大量失效汽车尾气催化剂[11]从失效汽车尾气催化剂中提取[12-13]、氧化焙烧-酸浸法[14-15]和浓硫酸低温分解法[15-16]。现行的湿法技术存在工艺复杂，流程长，酸耗高等问题。基于此，本文采用硫酸化焙烧-酸浸从失效汽车尾气催化剂中提取铈、镧，。1 实验原料及方法 1.1 实验原料料为占99%以上的失效汽车尾气催化剂粉，Table 1 Chemical composition of waste automobile catalyst 元素 Ce La SiO2 Al2O3 MgO Zr 含量（%） 1.21 0.087 25.95 5.97 15.67 3.93