Book3U3重点词汇讲解.docVIP

第  PAGE 8 页 共  NUMPAGES 8 页  DATE \@ yyyy-M-d 2017-4-21 U3 重点词汇讲解 destroy (destroyed, destroyed) v. 破坏 注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别： destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。 ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性;也可用于引申意义, 如 ruin one’s future, ruin one’s career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中) damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果, 但仍可修复。可用作名词,常用词组do/cause damage to。 例如： The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。 The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident. 修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。 The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. ??震对城市造成了巨大的损失。 （4）It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了 2. remains （1）n. 剩余物 She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。 同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。例如： The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture. 考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。 His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。 应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物) ，riches, （财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）等。 （2）vi. 遗留、继续存在 Few villages remained after the flood.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。 After the fire, very little remained of the temple. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。 remain 为系动词，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。 He remained the leader after the election. 选举过后，他仍是领导。 The place remains warm all winter. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。 He remained sitting in the classroom after the examination. 考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。 也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。 Much remains to be done.还有很多事要做。 It remains to be seen whether the decision is right or not. 该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。 condition 该词为不可数名词时，意思为“状况，状态”。如： be in good/ poor condition 处于好的/坏的状态 be out of condition 健康/状况不好 辨析：state 、condition、situation state指“人或物存在或所处的某一种状态”，必须与a连用。试比较： 在冬天恶劣的天气下，路况很差。 The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather. The roads are in terrible condition after the severe winter weather. situation: 境况；情势；情景 It is important for us to use a word or phrase according to the situ