正火及高温回火对低合金高强度铸钢组织与性能的影响.PDFVIP

第 18 卷第 2 期 粉末冶金材料科学与工程 2013 年 4 月 Vol.18 No.2 Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy Apr. 2013 正火及高温回火对低合金高强度铸钢组织与性能的影响 雷 勇，许晓嫦，李 良，张 奇，赵凤晓，徐浩浩 (中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410083) 摘 要：针对铸钢材料在恶劣环境(重载、低温等)下具有高强度、良好的低温冲击韧性和焊接性的使用要求，设 计了 1 种低碳(w(C)为 0.11%)，含 Ni、Mo 的低合金高强度铸钢，重点研究该铸钢经 880 ℃正火+520~650 ℃回火 后的组织与力学性能。结果表明：实验铸钢经正火+回火处理后，由铸态粗大的亚共析组织转变为细小的铁素体+ 回火贝氏体，铸钢的综合力学性能显著提高；铁素体+贝氏体的混合组织具有高回火稳定性，与添加的 Cr、Mo、 V 等合金元素有关；少量合金元素 V 在回火过程中形成弥散的(Ti,V)(C,N)析出相，起到析出强化作用；在 580 ℃ 回火时，σb= 590 MPa，σ0.2= 470 MPa，伸长率为 26%，断面收缩率为 70%，尤其是冲击功 AkU(室温)与 AkU(−40 ℃) 分别达到 150 J 和 110 J，室温及低温冲击断口均存在大量的韧窝和撕裂棱，断裂机制为韧性断裂。可见，实验铸 钢表现出良好的综合性能匹配，能满足材料在苛刻条件下的使用要求。 关键词：低合金高强度铸钢；合金设计；力学性能；微观组织；低温冲击韧性 中图分类号：TG142.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-0224(2013)2-241-9 Effects of normalizing and high temperature temper on microstructure and properties of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) cast steel LEI Yong, XU Xiao-chang, LI Liang, ZHANG Qi, ZHAO Feng-xiao, XU Hao-hao (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, ChangSha 410083, China) Abstract: According to the requirements for high strength, better toughness at low temperatures and weldability of cast steel in harsh environments, a low-carbon (0.11%) nickel and molybdenum-containing high strength low alloying (HSLA) cast steel was designed. The microstructure and properties of cast steel normalized at 880 ℃ and tempered at 520~650 ℃ were studied. Microstructure characterization was conducted by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that, the coarse sub-eutectoid structure of novel HSLA cast steel changes to a fine polygonal ferrite and tempering bainite structure after normalized at 880 ℃ and tempered at 580 ℃; the better temper stability of the novel steel is related to the additive elements of Cr、Mo and V; a small amount of V forms (Ti,V) and (C, N) phases which play a role of strengthening; the cast steel tempered at 580 ℃ exhibits σb of 590 MPa, σ0.2 of 470 M