层理倾角不同的砂岩变形破坏和强度的探究.pdfVIP

层理倾角不同的砂岩变形破坏和强度的研究 尤明庆 , 苏承东 (河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院 , 河南 焦作　454003)3 摘要 : 利用同一岩块不同方向加工的 2组砂岩试样 , 进行完整试样常规三轴压缩试验之后 , 对不同直径的孔道试样进行了内孔压力为 0, 外围压为 40 MPa的压缩 , 分析非均匀应力分 布对试样承载能力和变形破坏特性的影响. 轴向垂直于层理面的试样具有横观各向同性 , 纵 波速度、杨氏模量和强度都较低 , 完整试样和孔道试样围压下压缩破裂成形状几乎相同的 2 块 ; 在外围压 40 MPa下轴向压缩 , 外径 50 mm 内径 6 mm 的孔道试样强度可以超过完整试 样 , 而内径 25 mm 的孔道试样发生轴向失稳 , 低于单轴压缩强度. 轴向与层理面夹角约为 79. 5°的试样 , 具有显著的各向异性 , 完整试样破坏复杂 , 而孔道试样因内部自由面提供滑 移方向 , 以完整圆锥破裂 ; 沉积弱面与试样的破坏没有直接的关联. 对实验用砂岩而言 , 平 行于层理方向黏结力较小 , 而不同层面之间的颗粒尺度差异引起摩擦系数增大 ; 试样中层理 面的倾向不同 , 强度特征和破坏形式也就不同. 关 　键 　词 : 岩石力学 ; 砂岩层理 ; 孔道试样 ; 非均匀应力 ; 强度和变形 ; 破坏形式 中图分类号 : TU 45 　　文献标识码 : A 　　文章编号 : 1673 - 9787 (2009) 05 - 0626 - 09 Study on the deformation, failure and strength of sandstone with various declined bedding YOU M ing - qing, SU Cheng - dong ( School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic U niversity, J iaozuo　454003, Henan, China) Abstract: In order to study the effect of non- uniform stresses on failure, deformation and strength, two group s of solid and hollow cylindrical specimens machined from two directions of one sandstone block were com2 p ressed under confining p ressure. One specimen, of which the axis was perpendicular to bedding, was trans2 verse isotrop ic and had lower longitudinal velocity, Young‘s modulus and strength. The solid and hollow cylin2 ders were cracked into two parts with nearly the same shape when they were comp ressed under confining p res2 sure. The strength of hollow cylinder with inner diameter of 6 mm may be higher than the solid one under con2 fining p ressure of 40MPa; however the strength under confining p ressure of 40MPa of hollow cylinder with in2 ner diameter of 25 mm may be lower than the uniaxial comp ression strength for the comp ression instability ap2 peared in axial direction. The other specimen, of which the axis declined 79. 5°to the sedimentary p lane, was anisotropy and the solid one cracked with comp licate form; however the hollow cylinder failed with the com2 p lete cone for the free sli