高考语法重点.docVIP

高考语法重点——定语从句复习 一. 连接句子by using which, that, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, or prep. + which / whom. He gave up the plan. It was a very good one. ____________________________________________________________________. This is the house. Its windows broke last night. ____________________________________________________________________. He left China in 1938. At that time the war of China and Japan was under way. ____________________________________________________________________. After David went to Australia, he wrote back a letter. He expressed his gratitude to us in that letter. 二. 定语从句的定义 定语从句在句子当中作_____，修饰一个____或____，被修饰的名词，词组或代词叫______。定语从句通常出现在先行词的____，由关系词（__________或__________）引出。 关系代词有：_________________________________ 关系副词有：____________________ 三. 定语从句的考查要点 关系词的使用 介词＋关系代词结构中，介词的选用 以as引导的定语从句 只用that的情况 只用which的情况 关系代词和关系副词的选用 定语从句和强调句的区别 四、由关系代词引导的定语从句 (一) that / who / whom / whose 的用法： 当先行词指人：①在定语从句中作主语，用_________ , _____省略；②在定语从句中作宾语时，用__________________, _____省略；③在定语从句中作定语时，用________, _____省略。 她就是你想见的人。 She is the woman _________ wants to see you. （关系代词在句子中作______） 她就是我昨天见的那个女人。 She is the woman ________________ I saw yesterday. （关系代词在从句中作_____) Practice: She is the girl __________ lives next door. This is the scientist _____ achievements are well-known. That’s the girl ______________ I teach. Please pass me the book _______ cover is red. = Please pass me the book ___ _____ the cover is red. whose用来指人或物，在从句中只用作定语，若指物，可以用of which互换. (二)关系代词which that的用法 The book ___________ you are reading is mine. We visited the factory __________ makes toys for children. 思考： (a)在什么情况下，定语从句只能用that引导？ (b)在什么情况下，定语从句只能用which引导？ 解答: (a) 在限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况： 当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。 当先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。 5. 当先行词既有人又有物时。 6. 当先行词为way(方式、方法)时，用that引导定语从句，可跟in which互换。 7. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 8. 有两个定语从句时，其中