某型锻压重载齿轮在高速旋转下的模态分析.docxVIP

某型锻压重载齿轮在高速旋转下的模态分析王雅董宇航（安徽建筑大学,机械与电气工程学院，安徽，合肥，230601）摘要在SOLIDWORKS和ANSYS软件环境下，分别建立某型重载直齿圆柱齿轮三维几何模型和动力学模态分析有限元模型，模拟某型锻压设备传动系统重载直齿圆柱齿轮旋转过程的实际工况，进而对其在静止状态下和高速旋转状态下的齿轮进行了模态分析，得到齿轮的低阶固有频率和主振型。通过对两种状态下的固有频率进行对比分析，结果表明由于齿轮旋转过程的离心弹性变形而产生“离心刚化效应”，所导致齿轮模态特性的改变。模态分析的结果即反映了齿轮高速转动下的动力学特性，又为齿轮的设计和改进提供了新的参考依据。 关键词锻压齿轮高速旋转模态分析固有频率模态振型Modal Analysis of a Certain Type of Forging Gear in high speed rotationWang YaDongYuhang(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui JianzhuUniversity, Anhui, 230601)AbstractThe 3D geometric and finite element model for dynamic modal analysis of a certain type of heavy gearis established through 3D design software Solidworks and FEA software ANSYS respectively ,simulating the actual working condition of a certain type of system of forging equipment drive heavy spur gear rotation process.Then modal anslysis on gears in both static state and high-speed rotation state are performed and the natural frequenciesand corresponding modal shapes are to be obtained.By comparing and analyzing the natural frequencies of the two kinds of state , The results show that the centrifugal stiffening effect caused by the centrifugal elastic deformation of the gear rotating process leads to the change of the modal characteristics of the gear. The result of modal analysis is a reflection of the dynamic characteristics of gear under high speed rotation, and provides a new reference for the design and improvement of gears.The results of modal analysisprovide a new technique and provide a reference for the design and improvement of the gear.Key wordsforging gearhigh-speed rotationmodal analysisnatural frequencymodal shape0 引言在大型锻压设备的传动系统中，齿轮往往处于高速和重载的恶劣工况下，工作时齿轮副不仅有复杂的接触，并且在内部和外部激励的共同作用下产生机械振动，当外部激励频率与齿轮副结构的固有频率接近时，将会发生强烈的共振，造成齿轮强度和刚度的破坏甚至完全失效。迄今已有学者[4-7]对结构简单的直齿圆柱齿轮、斜齿圆柱齿轮、少数齿轮和渐开线齿轮等进行了有限元静态下的模态分析，另有学者[8-10]对高速旋转状态下汽车弧齿锥齿轮的动力学模态分析等进行动力学模态分析，得到各阶的固有频率和振型。但是对于某型锻压重载齿轮传动系统则鲜有分析，由于锻压重载齿轮传动系统的复杂性、变速的频繁性，以及经常出现的剧烈的振动和锻压设备在运行的过程中出现效率低下、振动强度大、噪声污染严重等缺点。显然当齿轮在高速运转状态下，传统的齿