含马来酸酯结构的噻二唑衍生物作为多功能添加剂的制备_学位论文.doc

摘要 xx理工学院毕业设计（论文） PAGE IV  PAGE 16 含马来酸酯结构的噻二唑衍生物作为多功能添加剂的制备 环境工程与化学系 指导老师 摘 要 摩擦磨损会使机械设备的可靠性、耐久性和能量利用率受到很大影响，因此 极压抗磨润滑油添加剂在现代工业中显得越来越重要。随着人们环保意识的日益 增强，控制排放，降低金属、磷、氯的使用成为普遍关注的问题, 因此，润滑油 添加剂向着低灰分、多功能、减少环境污染等方向发展。许多研究表明，含氮杂 环化合物及其衍生物都具有较好的抗氧化、抗腐蚀、抗磨减摩性能及良好的热稳 定性能中的一种或多种,并且对环境污染少，是一类人们熟知的可以在内燃机润滑油中替代ZDDP的良好多功能添加剂。 本文设计合成了含马来酸酯结构的噻二唑衍生物作为多功能添加剂的制备，并且探讨了其合成优化条件。采用核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱、红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和元素分析对其进行了表征，确证了其结构。考察了它们在各种常用溶剂中的溶解性能，并采用热重分析对它们的热稳定性能进行了评价。可以满足一般工业的要求。在四球摩擦磨损试验机上初步考察了其极压性能和抗磨性能。结果表明，这种添加剂都能极大地提高液体石蜡的承载能力，并且大部分承载能力都与ZDDP接近或超过ZDDP。它们都表现出很好的抗磨性能，这主要是因为在摩擦过程中噻二唑环起了主要抗磨作用。我们研究还发现，烷基链长对承载能力和抗磨性能都有影响，链长在4～10之间时承载能力较大，长链和支链烷烃的抗磨性能比较好。分析表明,含氮、硫杂原子的杂环衍生物在摩擦过程中发生了分解或部分分解，和与金属表面的化学反应,形成了富碳和硫的表面膜，从而起到润滑作用，但摩擦过程是一种极为复杂的化学物理过程，关于其机理方面有待作更为深入的研究。 关键词：润滑油添加剂；噻二唑衍生物；抗磨性能；摩擦学性能 Structure containing maleate thiadiazole derivative as multifunctional additives for preparing ABSTRACT The anti-wear and extreme pressure lubricating oil additives have a increasingly important role in the modern industry, for the friction and wear of machine will effect on its reliability, durability and energy utilization. With the increasingly notice on environment protection, there are new requests on the development of lubricating oil additives such as studying ash-less, multifunctional and reducing environmental pollution lubricating oil additives and ensuring no phosphor, no metal or no chlorine contained in additives. Large amounts of former research papers have proved that theN containing heterocyclic compounds and their additives are noticed due to their excellent antioxidant, corrosion-resistant, antifriction, anti-wear, good thermal stability, and less harmful to environment，and they are a well-known multifunctional lubricating oil additives to substitute ZDDP. In this papers N-S lubricating oil additives were synthesized. Their preparative conditions were investigated.Moreover molecular structures of the compounds were confirmed by1H NMR,13C NMR, IR,UV,MS and elementary ana