Module4ASocialSurvey-MyNeighbourhoodGrammar（外研版必修1）.pptVIP

外研版 高一年级 (必修1) Module 4;Grammar;现在完成时(Present perfect tense) (一) 现在完成时的基本用法： 1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 I have finished my work. We have set up many new factories.;2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。 Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”? I’ve spent 3 years in the countryside.; ;4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。 e.g. I’ll go home as soon as I have finished my homework. Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it. ;(二) 使用现在完成时的句型 1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句, 其中从句用一般过去时) 2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first /其他序数词/ last time + that 从句中, 从句使用现在完成时。;★ 注意: 在下面的句子中, 主句的谓语动词常用一般现在时： It is three years since I began to work on the farm. It’s a long time since I saw you last.;现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况, 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系, 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。;He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容) He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书) He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地, 在美国) He went to America. (只说明他去过美国);(四) 终止性动词与延续性动词： 1. 终止性动词: 表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有: come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close, give, lend, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, notice, find, understand, die 等。;2. 延续性动词: 表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 常用的动词有: live, study, work, teach, stay, read, play, fly, talk, rain, eat, run等。;1. —Has your father returned from Africa yet? —Yes, but he ____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.（辽宁2007） A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be;2. Danny ____ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. （福建2007） A. works B. is working C. has worked D. worked;3. I like these English songs and they ____ many times on the radio. (安徽2008) A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught 4. So far this year we ____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （福建2008） A. saw