Module4GrammarWriting课件外研版必修1.ppt

一、现在完成时的基本概念 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时与现在有关，属于现在时态。 二、现在完成时的构成;三、现在完成时的基本用法 1．表示动作在说话时已经完成(可不指出动作发生的确切时 间)，但对现在产生某种后果或影响。 China has already made great progress in recent years. 中国近几年已经取得了巨大的进步。(现在中国各方面情况欣欣向荣) Have you ever read the book? 你看过这本书了吗？(问对方现在是否知道这本书的内容);2．表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，可能刚刚结束， 可能还将继续进行下去。 How many years have you lived here? 你在这里住了多少年了？ It has rained for five hours. 雨已经下了五个小时了。;[考题印证1] 1－1(2011·天津高考)In the last few years thousands of films______ all over the world. A．have produced　　??　　　B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据前面的时间状语In the last few years可知应用现在完成时，且films 和produce 是动宾关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，选B项。 答案：B;1－2(2011·陕西高考)His first novel ______good reviews since it came out last month. A．receives B．is receiving C．will receive D．has received 解析：考查时态。since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，其主句应用现在完成时，所以选择D项。 句意：他的第一本小说自从上个月出版之后就很受欢迎。 答案：D;四、现在完成时的一些特殊用法 1．在It/This is the first (second, third ...) time that ...结构中， that从句中要用现在完成时。 This is the third time that I have met him today. 这是我今天第三次遇到他了。;[考题印证2] (2009·陕西高考)This is the first time we________a film in the cinema together as a family. A．see B．had seen C．saw D．have seen 解析：考查时态。It/This is the first/second time (that) ... 句型的从句部分用现在完成时，但如果是It/This was the first/second time (that) ...则从句需要用过去完成时。 答案：D;2．在It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...结构中，主句可用一般 现在时，也可用现在完成时，但在since从句中要用一般过去时。 How long has it been since you last visited your mother? 自从你上次见你妈妈以来有多长时间了？ 3．有时在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中如果表示将来完 成的动作也需要用现在完成时态。 Ill wait for you here until you have finished the homework. 我会在这里等你直到你写完作业。;4．在无明显的时间状语或副词的句子里，是否应用完成 时态要依据上下文的意思来判断。 — Have you passed your driving test? 你通过了驾驶考核了吗？ — Yes, I passed it two months ago. 是的，两个月前就通过了。;五、应用现在完成时应注意的问题 1．与现在完成时连用的时间状语 常见的有：ever, never, already, yet, recently, lately, just, once, three times, so far, till now, up to now, these years, for＋时间段，since短语或从句等。 Weve been good friends since we first met ten years ago. 自从我们