《专题九动词的时态和语态》(语法精讲典例解析,20).pptVIP

专题九 动词的时态与语态;专题九　动词的时态与语态;一般将来时;┃在常用的八种时态中，中考热点问题透析如下：┃;3．“be going to＋动词原形”也可表示将来时。如： Look at the black clouds! It is going to rain. 看那些乌云！马上要下雨了。 4．在现在完成时中，如果有持续的时间状语，要把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。如： I have had the book for two days. 这本书我已经买了两天了。(用had，而不用bought) 5．在由if引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句用过去将来时态，if从句需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：;Amy said that she would go shopping if it didnt rain the next day. 艾米说如果明天不下雨，她就去购物。 6．have been to 和have gone to的区别 两者后均可接地点，前者表示“去过某地”，通常可与表示次数的状语连用；后者表示“到某地去了”，强调说话的当时去某地的人不在场。如： He has gone to Paris. 他去巴黎了。 He has been to Paris three times. 他去过巴黎三次。;┃动词的语态┃;时态;┃谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况┃;2．一些特殊动词：英语中有很多动词，如 break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。且该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用。如： This kind of computers sells well. 这种电脑很畅销。 3．感官动词：系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受的感官动词，如 feel, sound, taste, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。如： Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。;[提醒]在使役动词have, make, get, let以及感官动词see, find, watch, notice, hear, feel等后面不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时要加to。如： Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 被动语态为： A stranger was seen to walk into the building.;┃中考透视┃;(　　)2. [2011?雅安] She ________ this book for nearly three weeks. A．has borrowed B．has lent C．has bought D．has kept;(　　)3. [2012?福州] —Hello, may I speak to Mr Smith? —Sorry, he isnt in. He ________the office. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been away D．has been in;(　　)4. [2012?广东] Dont hurry. He ________here as soon as the meeting is over. A．comes B．will come C．will get to D．gets;(　　)5. [2012?重庆] Sanya is a beautiful city. I ________ there twice. A．have gone B．have been C．have gone to D．have been to;(　　)6. [2011?镇江] The cakes in the restaurant ________， so they ________ well. A．are tasted better; are sold B．are tasted well; sell C．taste terrible; are sold D．taste nice; sell;(　　)7. [2011?枣庄] In the past the children were made ________15 hours a