英语4级词汇解码.pptVIP

英语四级词汇解码;assert? vt. 1.肯定地说，断言 2.维护，坚持 assert = as-(ad-=to表示方向)+sert(=cert=to judge判断，判定) →? vt. 1.肯定地说，断言 2.维护，坚持 We encouraged him to assert his view of the matter. 我们鼓励他坚持自己对此事的看法。 词形变化形容词: assertable?名词: asserter动词过去式: asserted?动词过去分词: asserted动词现在分词: asserting?动词第三人称单数: asserts 语法用法注意区分assert和declare：He asserted that he was innocent.他申明他是无辜的.He asserted that his sister was innocent.以上表达方式是正确的。He asserted himself to be innocent.该表达方式是错误，应改为He declared himself (to be) innocent。;词义辨析assert, affirm, allege, maintain, testify, claim这些动词均含有“断言，声称”之意。assert: 主观意味强，指自认为某事就是如此，而不管事实如何。affirm: 侧重在作出断言时表现出的坚定与不可动摇的态度。allege: 多指无真凭实据，不提供证据的断言或宣称。maintain: 与assert近义，但前者指坚决维护某种主张或观点。testify: 多指在法庭作证，庄严地宣称自己所说属实。claim: 可与assert换用，但语气弱一些，侧重指行使自己的权利提出要求令他人承认。;order? n.1.次序,顺序? 2.定购,定货? 3.治安,秩序? 4.命令,嘱咐? 5.整齐,有条理 ???????? 6.订购，定单，定货 7.付款指令，付款说明?????? vt.1.命令,嘱咐? 2.定购,定做,叫(菜饭等) order form 订单，订货单order quantity 订货数量mail order company 邮购公司place an order 下订单 词形变化名词: orderer 动词过去式: ordered 动词过去分词: ordered 动词现在分词: ordering 动词第三人称单数: orders 语法用法1、order作名词：在有些词组中前面不加冠词a/an/the，如in alphabetical order，in order of arrival，by order（奉命）等； 2、order作名词，在有些句子中要用复数形式orders。They received orders to start at once.The soldiers have orders not to let anybody come past.He is under orders to leave for Moscow next Monday.;3、order作名词或动词指“命令”时，语气较重，不能用在家人间。He ordered his son to buy a newspaper for him.这种表达方式是错误的4、order作动词或名词指“命令”时，后面可跟that从句，从句中用虚拟现在式。He orders that the work (should) be started at once.5、order作动词，后可跟宾语和不定式，不可直接跟不定式。He ordered them to start the work at once.6、order作名词指“订单”时，后面跟介词for。We have sent an order for a hundred copies of the book.我们下订单订了一百份这本书。7、order作名词指“订单”时，可跟动词execute或fill（美语中常用）表示“按照订单交货”。Your order for a hundred copies of the book has been executed/filled already.8、order后可跟双宾语.My mother has ordered me a new suit.;9、作名词时，order后还可跟for和款项表示订单金额。例：money/postal/post-office order for ￥200； in order to比单用to更加正式且语气重，口语中很少用in order to。正式程度从