超大型空心钢锭翻转变形均匀性和压实效果研究.pdfVIP

第 52 卷第 8 期 2016 年 4 月 机 械 工 程 学 报 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Vo l .52 No.8 Apr. 2016 DOI：10.3901/JME.2016.08.090 超大型空心钢锭翻转变形均匀性和压实效果研究* 刘 敏1, 2 马庆贤1, 2 刘功梅3 (1. 清华大学机械工程系 北京 100084； 2. 清华大学先进成形制造教育部重点实验室 北京 100084； 3. 中国长江三峡集团公司 成都 610041) 摘要：20Mn5 超大型空心钢锭在上平下 V 砧翻转芯轴拔长过程中采用普通 V 砧进行顺序翻转，锻件变形极不均匀且存在密 集型疏松缺陷。通过 DEFORM-3D 数值模拟和理论推导，定量给出发散角和理论翻转角度与 V 砧角度和压下率的关系，提 出不同压下率下的普通 V 砧翻转新工艺。数值模拟和物理试验结果表明，单砧压下时大圆角 V 砧和凸型 V 砧两种新型 V 砧 的变形均匀性和压实效果均要优于普通 V 砧。翻转拔长模拟结果表明，不同压下率下凸型 V 砧、大圆角 V 砧和普通 V 砧翻 转新工艺的变形均匀性和压实效果均要优于普通 V 砧顺序翻转，其中大圆角 V 砧翻转新工艺的变形均匀性最优，凸型 V 砧 翻转新工艺的压实效果最优。研究结果可为国产大型筒体锻件空心钢锭锻造工艺规范的制定提供重要理论参考。 关键词：空心钢锭；芯轴拔长；翻转新工艺；变形均匀性；压实效果 中图分类号：TG316 Research on Rotatory Deformation Uniformity and Compaction Effect of Super-heavy Hollow Steel Ingot LIU Min1, 2 MA Qingxian1, 2 LIU Gongmei3 (1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084; 2. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084; 3. China Three Gorges Corporation, Chengdu 610041) Abstract：Sequenced rotation with ordinary V-shaped anvil is used in the upper flat and lower V-shaped anvils mandrel drawing process of 20Mn5 super-heavy hollow steel ingot, but the forging deforms unevenly and contains intensive porosities. By numerical simulation using DEFORM-3D and theoretical derivation, the relationship between divergence angle, theoretical rotation angle, V-shaped anvil angle and reduction rate is given quantificationally, and the new rotation processes with ordinary V-shaped anvil at different reduction rates are proposed. Numerical simulation and physical experiment results show that the deformation uniformity and compaction effect of big fillet V-shaped anvil and convex V-shaped anvil is better than that of ordinary V-shaped anvil for single press. Simulation results of rotatory drawing show the deformation uniformity and compaction effect of new rotation processe