复旦研究生《细胞免疫》T细胞活化机制.pptVIP

; Na?ve T cells Mature T cells that have not previously encountered antigen; Preferential migration to secondary lymphoid organs (lymph nodes), where they recognize antigen Effector T cells Activated T cells capable of performing the functions required to eliminate foreign antigens Preferential migration to sites of infection or inflammation Short-lived Memory T cells Long-lived, functionally silent cells; Mount rapid secondary immune responses to the same antigen exposure Heterogenous (central and effector);应答诱导;.;Functional responses of T cells;Secretion of cytokines;Clonal expansion of T cells;Antigen-presenting cells are required for T cell activation; Specific antigen recognition by the T cells; Stable adhesion of the T cells to the APCs; Transduction of activating signals to the T cells. ;T cell receptors and accessory molecules;T cell receptor (TCR);TCR complex; invariant protein, identical in all T cells regardless of specificity responsible for signaling, but not antigen recognition ;Antigen recognition and signaling functions of T cells;Co-receptors;;;Signal 1;Overview of TCR signalling;Provided by Costimulatory Molecules on activated APCs;A comparison between signalling pathways in fully stimulated and in anergized T cells;Functions of co-stimulators in T cell activation;High-affinity IL-2 receptors are three-chain structures that are present only on activated T cells;Mediated primarily by an autocrine growth pathway ;Clonal expansion;;Variation in signal 3 causes naive CD4 T cells to acquire several distinct types of effector functions;A model for the regulation of early TH2 differentiation by TCR signal strength;A model for early determination of iTreg fate versus TH17 fate controlled by TCR signal strength;A model for early determination of Teff cell fate versus Tfh cell fate controlled by TCR signal strength;Co-signaling receptors ;CD28;B7 molecules;ICOS (Inducible co-stimulator);CTLA-4;Mechanisms of action of the inhibitory receptor CT