surveysampling2.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Basic Concepts of Sampling;2.0 Some Basic Symbols ; The variance of population elements: , 　=the standard deviation of the population elements ;value of the Y variable for the jth sample element; In many, but not all, designs of “Epsem” sampling, is used to estimate . Similarly, N is used as an estimate of Y. For equal probability of selection methods (Epsem) f is the uniform overall sampling fraction for the elements. f = ; =the variance of the sample elements In simple random samples is often an unbiased estimate of = the standard deviation of the sample elements ;2.1 Procedures for Simple Random Selection (SRS) ; Example: Evaluate the prevalence of tooth decay among the 1200 children attending a school List of children attending the school Children numerated from 1 to 1200 Sample size = 100 children Random sampling of 100 numbers between 1 and 1200;frame;Assign each element within the sampling frame a unique number (1-600). Identify a random start from the random number table. Determine how the digits in the random number table will be assigned to the sampling frame. Select the sample elements from the sampling frame.; The N listing numbers need not be consecutive. They may be scattered among N+B numbers, of which B are “blank”. ;Table of Random Numbers; N m 1≤N≤10 1 11≤N≤100 2 101≤N≤1000 3; In sampling with replacement the selected elements are placed in the selection pool again and may be reselected on subsequent draws. The sample size n cannot exceed the population size N when sampling without replace, but n can be any size when sampling with replacement. Example: tossing a coin;simple random sampling (SRS): wi