2014-2015学年北师大版选修八Unit23ConflictLanguageAwarenessCultureCorner课件（28张）.ppt

Unit 23 Conflict;Grammar; 英语句子的正常语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时出于语法需要或为了达到某种修辞目的，要把谓语放在主语前面，这种语序称作倒装语序。将整个谓语移至主语之前，称为“完全倒装”；如果只是把助动词或情态动词等部分谓语放在主语之前，称为“部分倒装”。 ;一、使用完全倒装的情况 1. 表示方向、地点和时间的副词， 如：in, out, down, up, there, here, now, then等放于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时。如： Out rushed a dog from under the table when we came in. Here comes the taxi. Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.;2. there be 结构中。此结构中的be动词还可换成 exist, seem, stand, live, rise, happen, appear等。如： There stands a big tree in front of the tall building. There once lived a famous singer in the house. 3. 表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首时。如： On the grass lay three boys. They were talking and laughing happily. After the party came a firework display in the garden. ;4. 充当表语的形容词、分词等位于句首时。这种情况通常是用来强调表语或因主语太长。如： Gone are the days when teachers were looked down upon. Covering much of the earth’s surface is a blanket of water. 5. 直接引语的全部或一部分位于句首时, 可以完全倒装，也可以不用倒装的形式。如： “Come in,” said the teacher politely / the teacher said politely.;二、 使用部分倒装的情况 1. 表示否定意义的副词（短语）和连词, 如：not, never, little, seldom, hardly, rarely，not until, nowhere, in no way / by no means (决不)，not only ... but also, no sooner ... than,? hardly ... when等置于句首时。如： By no means do I agree with what he said. Not until then did I realize that I was wrong.;2. only修饰状语位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。如： Only when school is over can he see his friend. Only in this way can we learn English well. 3. so, neither, nor位于句首，表示前者的情况也适用于后者时，句子用倒装。so与前面的肯定句相呼应；neither, nor与前面的否定句相呼应。如: He has passed the chemistry exam, and so have I. Jenney can’t speak Japanese and neither can I.;4. 在as / though引导的让步状语从句中，可将状语、表语等置于主语之前，这种前置情况也可视为倒装。如： Hard as / though he works, he can’t support his family. Child as / though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. (注意：在此情况下，表语为可数名词的单数形式时，不定冠词需要省略。);5. so / such ... that ...置于句首引导结果状语从句时，主句用部分倒装，that从句不倒装。如： So clearly does our teacher speak English that all of us can understand him. Such a clever boy is he that we all like him.;6. 在含有were, should, had的虚拟条件句中，可以省去if, 将were, shou