Module5《GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina》Grammar课件（外研版必修3）.ppt

Grammar;Learn the attributive clauses.;Grammar 1 Defining Attributive Clause;1. Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 2. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 3. Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. 4. Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. 5. He came from a family which was very poor .;More relative clauses 1. Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. 2. Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. 3. He spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings.;定语从句的种类:限定性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 限定性定语从句:对先行词起修饰和限定作用,是不可缺少 的成分,没有了附加信息,我们就不知道谈论的是谁或是什 么事,在这样的从句中不使用逗号。 非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句中的附加信息可以 省去,没有了附加信息,我们仍能清楚知道谈论的是谁或什么事,这样的从句使用逗号。;定语从句的特点:用来修饰或限定一个名词,并放在名词之后。 引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的作用: 1. 引导定语从句,起引导词的作用。 2. 代替被修饰词。 3. 在从句中充当句子成分: 关系代词 that, which, who 在从句中作主语/宾语; whom作宾 语; whose作定语。 关系副词 where, when, why 在句中作地点状语，时间状 语，原因状语。 ;关系代词:;3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) ;He is the man (that) I told you about.;Please pass me the book the cover of which is torn.=Please pass me the book of which the cover is torn.;(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.;【点津】 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。;5.当先行词为人和物的名词词组时。 They are talking of persons and things (that) they remember in the school. 6.当先行词指物,在句中作表语时。 This is the book that you borrowed . 7.主语前有 who, whom时 8.在 there be或 there live 结构中，先行词指物时 There is a book on the desk that I am interested in. 9.在 way “方法”后,常用 that 代替 how, in which结构。 That was the way (that) he did it. 10. time 表示次数，前有序数词修饰时。;11.先行词前有 the same 修饰时或当先行词和关系代词指同 一个人或物时。 This is the same man that/ who I told you. 12.在疑问词 who, which, what 开头的疑问句中为避免重复用 that。只用which不用that的情况 1.引导非限制性定语从句时。 2.当关系