Extravasation of intravenous infusion of nursing countermeasures.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 9 Extravasation of intravenous infusion of nursing countermeasures Intravenous infusion of drug leakage is often encountered in clinical nursing problems, in the event, the light of local swelling in patients. Pain in patients with severe cases lead to local necrosis. Ulceration, and even disability, increase the suffering of patients, easily lead to medical care disputes. true analysis of the causes of venous infusion leakage, take positive and effective measures of prevention and care of great significance. 1 Clinical data 2009 1 2007 10 months, our department occurred and led to certain consequences of drug extravasation in 10 cases, including 7 males and 3 females. Aged 34 to 60 years, mean age 51 years. Using intravenous catheter more than 3 days in 8 cases, all causes soft tissue swelling in 7 patients, lead to skin necrosis in 3 cases ulceration. After treatment for 2 weeks, 8 cases were cured, healed by dressing change more than 3 weeks in 2 cases, 6 cases of extravasation of chemotherapeutic drugs . 2 causes of drug extravasation 2.1 Drug factors Mainly high drug concentration and drug itself, the physical and chemical factors, including the drug pH, osmotic pressure, drug concentration, drug effects on cell metabolism. Permeability damage caused by a common vasoconstrictor drugs, such as norepinephrine, Dopamine, alamin, cation solution, such as calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, hypertonic solution, such as 50% glucose injection, 20% mannitol, antineoplastic agents, such as 5 - fluorouracil, doxorubicin, methotrexate, vincristine, paclitaxel and so on. 2.2 Mechanical Factors Puncture mechanical damage mostly unskilled, a drug repeatedly puncture the integrity of damaged blood vessels, select the vessel properly, fixed needle is not strong, press the eye of a needle after needle injection site is not accurate, time is short, while some patients with long-term infusion, organizations, increas