Minimally invasive thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation Anatomy progress.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 15 Minimally invasive thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation Anatomy progress [Keywords:] Anatomy With the computer technology and the development of medical imaging, minimally invasive thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw technology in the field of minimally invasive spinal surgery has become a fixed posterior spine of a new technical means, minimally invasive surgery has been percutaneous pedicle be gradually applied to spinal fractures, spondylolisthesis, osteoporosis, kyphosis percutaneous vertebral body to strengthen and shape, lumbar instability, discogenic disease diagnosis or treatment. people minimally invasive thoracic and lumbar pedicle Anatomy of the screw more and more in depth. In this paper, minimally invasive thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation were reviewed recent progress in anatomy. 1 Anatomy of the positioning of the pedicle 1.1 Positioning the pedicle surface positioning method of the body surface, usually C-arm X-ray machine perspective, the first calibration of the two with two longitudinal Kirschner wire, and then place the Kirschner wire calibration of two straight lines, g s needle through the pedicle and lateral center of the intersection point is the pedicle, usually in the spinous process to open 2 cm. Chen-side [1] through the CT scan to locate the surface projection of the pedicle, and its is to enable patients to prone, to determine location of disease underwent pedicle vertebral pedicle screw cross-section of home scanning. Determination of the widest part of the pedicle, marked on both sides of the pedicle axis, measured with the CT bed vertical angle, the angle between the pedicle level, and then measure the bilateral pedicle axis intersection with the back of the skin surface (surface entry point) to the dorsal midline (position line) distance, and then the body tag Table position, to determine the insertion point. 1.2 endoscopic positioning Foley [2] designed for endoscopic spinal