Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug efflux pump and its role in the resistance mechanisms.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 19 Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug efflux pump and its role in the resistance mechanisms [Keywords:] Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug efflux pump In recent years, the phenomenon of drug resistance of Mycobacterium growing, multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is also increasing, leading to infections refractory. Intrinsic drug resistance of Mycobacterium cell wall permeability barrier is mainly led to the high hydrophobicity of drugs into the cell wall space is relatively slow; while acquired resistance is mainly genetic mutation, leading to antibiotic target site mutation or drug in the cell in a non-active state of . However, the cell wall barrier alone the role of natural factors and gene mutations were not sufficient to explain the mechanism of mycobacterial resistance. Studies have shown that the existence of Mycobacterium drug active efflux pump expression, and is considered an important drug resistance may be another mechanism 〔 1,2〕 . Mycobacterium tuberculosis is on the biological function of efflux pumps and their gene regulation mechanism of research are summarized below. An efflux pump of Mycobacterium biological function of The study found that mycobacterial efflux pump able to pump out the drug inside the bacterial cells, allowing intracellular drug concentrations can not effectively inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in antibiotic tolerance 〔 3,4〕 . Drug efflux system in accordance with its protein, amino acid sequence can be divided into many types 〔 4〕 , H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome there are 20 efflux pumps encoded hypothetical open reading frame (ORF) 〔 5〕 . Currently, only a few mycobacterial efflux pump a certain study, respectively, belonging to major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of Lfr A, Rv1634, EfpA, Tet (V), P55, Tap, Rv1258c; belongs to tolerance nodulation-division District family (RND) of the MmpL; are ATP-binding cassette superfamily (ABC) of the DrrA