Nitric oxide and inflammatory joint diseases.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 18 Nitric oxide and inflammatory joint diseases Keywords:: Nitric oxide (NO) inflammatory joint diseases Of nitric oxide (nitric oxide, NO) from L-arginine (L-arginine, L-Arg) guanidine nitrogen by NO synthase (NO synthase, NOS) to form the catalytic oxidation. NO not only both second messenger and neurotransmitter function, but also effects of molecules, and regulation mediated by a variety of physiological and pathological processes 〔 1,2〕 . Stadler et al 〔 3〕 in 1991 with the interleukin-1 (interleukin 1, IL-1) or endotoxin-induced synthesis of cartilage cells, NO, provide a cartilage metabolism related to the earliest evidence of NO. 1992, Farrell et al 〔 4〕 found in rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, RA) and osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis, OA) synovial fluid and serum of patients can be detected in a large number of NO metabolites nitrite (nitrite, NO -2), speculated that NO may be involved in these two kinds of diseases, the pathological process of arthritis. After a number of scholars 〔 5,6〕 tools such as the use of NOS inhibitors, drugs on a variety of animal models of arthritis have been studied and confirmed NO in the pathogenesis of these arthritis, an important inflammatory mediators, thereby promoting the NO and the inflammatory in-depth study of the relationship between joint disease. In this paper, NO involved in inflammatory joint diseases, as well as progress in drug treatment are reviewed. 1 NO involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory joint disease, the process of 1.1 Arthritis: RA and OA synovial fluid or serum and urine NO-2 concentration of nitrate (nitrate, NO-3) or the volume is higher than normal discharges NO-2/NO-3 〔 4,7 ~ 9〕 . Prednisolone 0.5 mg / kg orally for 2 ~ 4 weeks, not only in patients with RA to reduce C-reactive protein, ESR, morning stiffness and joint pain index of the time, but also significantly reduced urinary NO-3 exhaust. To the active stage of RA patients with methylpredniso